AP Vergil/Caesar Vocabulary List This is a list of about 200 words found with the greatest frequency in the Vergil readings, the Caesar readings, or both. The information on this list is based upon the AP Vocabulary Cards published by Bolchazy-Carducci. The definitions listed are not meant to be an exhaustive list, but rather to give you a good sense of the word’s most common meanings. Additional extended and idiomatic meanings may be found in the back of your textbook or in a good dictionary. Author: both Frequency: 15+ Total words: 22 Latin word (dictionary entry) ā, ab (prep. w/ abl.) Definition(s) from, away from; by ac, atque ad (conj.) (prep. w/ acc.) aut; aut . . . aut cum (conj.) and, and also; as, than to, toward, near; (w/ numerals & dates) about; at, by or, either; either . . . or (prep. w/ abl.) with cum dō et; et . . . et hic ille in (conj.) dare, dedī, datum (conj./adv.) haec, hoc illa, illud (prep. w/ acc. or abl.) ipse ipsa, ipsum magnus nec, neque; nec . . . nec nōn omnis -a, -um (conj.) (adv.) omne when, since; although to give, put, appoint; to grant, honor and, both, also, even; both . . . and this, these; the latter; he, she, it that, those; the former; he, she, it w/ abl.: in, on; among w/ acc.: into, onto, to; against; over; among; for himself, herself, itself; myself, yourself, themselves; very; he, she, it great, large, huge; mighty; loud not, nor, and . . . not, neither; neither . . . nor not, no, by no means all, every, whole; as a whole per (prep. w/ acc.) through, along; by; throughout -que quī sum sī videō (enclitic conj.) quae, quod esse, fuī, futūrum (conj.) -ēre, vīdī, vīsum and, also, even who, which; what; that; any to be; to exist if; when; whether to see, perceive; to understand; (pass.) to be seen; (as deponent) to seem Derivative(s) absent, abstain, abduction ND admonish, addition ND comment, commit, convene, connect ND data, tradition, dative et cetera ad hoc ND inhale, induct, import ipso facto magnitude, magnify ND nonissue omnipotent, omniscient permanent, persistent; perforate ND quorum, quibble essence, essential ND vision, evidence Author: Vergil Frequency: 15+ Total words: 23 Latin word (dictionary entry) altus -a, -um Derivative(s) altitude, altimeter animus arma deus dīcō ego ferō hīc iam ignis nē -ne nunc prīmus quis sed sīc tālis terra Definition(s) high, lofty; deep, profound; (as a noun) the sea -ī (M) soul, spirit, heart; courage -ōrum (N pl.) weapons, arms; utensils, equipment -ī (M) god, deity -ere, dīxī, dictum to say, speak; to name, define meī, mihi, mē, mē I, me ferre, tulī, lātum to bring, carry; to wear; to report (adv.) here (adv.) now, already ignis (M) fire, light, lightning; passion, fury (conj.) not; do not; lest (enclitic) introduces a yes/no question (adv.) now -a, -um first; chief; excellent quid who, what (conj.) but (adv.) thus, in this way tāle such, of such a kind -ae (F) earth, land; soil tū tum urbs vir tuī, tibi, tē, tē (adv.) urbis (F) virī (M) animosity, animus armada, army deify contradict, dictator egotistical transfer, defer, prefer ND ND ignition, igneous ND ND ND primary, primitive quiddity ND ND ND terrain, inter, extraterrestial ND ND urban, suburb virile, triumvirate Author: Caesar Latin word (dictionary entry) bellum -ī (N) castra -ōrum (N pl.) cīvitās cīvitātis (F) cōnsilium -ī (N) dē (prep. w/ abl.) dīcō -ere, dīxī, dictum diēs diēī (M or F) ē, ex (prep. w/ abl.) faciō -ere, fēcī, factum fīnēs fīnium (M pl.) you (sing.) then, at that time, further city man, male; hero; husband Frequency: 15+ Total words: 42 Definition(s) war (military) camp state advice; plan; council down from, from; about, concerning; for to say; to set, appoint; to administer; to plead day; in diēs every day out of; from; of; on; according to to do; make; to achieve; to carry out borders; land, territory Derivative(s) belligerent castle civilian counsel descend contradict diurnal exonerate factory final fiō Gallia Gallus habeō fierī, factus sum -ae (F) -ī (M) -ēre, -uī, -itum Helvētius hīberna homō hostis īdem inter is iter iubeō lēgātus legiō locus mīles mittō multitūdō nāvis noster -a, -um -ōrum (M pl.) hominis (M/F) hostis (M/F) eadem, idem (prep. w/ acc.) ea, id itineris (N) -ēre, iussī, iussum -ī (M) legiōnis (F) -ī (M) mīlitis (M) -ere, mīsī, missum multitūdinis (F) nāvis (F) nostra, nostrum pars possum prō proelium quod partis (F) posse, potuī (prep. w/ abl.) -ī (N) (conj.) reliquus rēs -a, -um reī (F) ---, suī sibi, sē (sēsē), sē (sēsē) -a, -um -a, -um (conj.) suus ūnus ut, utī to be made; to be done; to happen Gaul (region of Gaul) Gaul (inhabitant of Gaul) to have; to hold; to keep; to make (a speech); to take (account); to regard, consider Helvetian winter quarters human, person enemy the same between, among this; that; he, she, it journey; march; route to order envoy, ambassador; lieutenant legion place, position; rank soldier to send crowd, multitude ship; navis longa warship our part; direction; side to be able, be powerful; to be possible in front of, before; for, as; considering battle because, the fact that; proptereā quod for the very reason that remaining, rest of , other thing; matter; affair; circumstance; supply; purpose; experience; rēs publica republic, state; rēs gesta deed himself, herself, itself, themselves; him, her, it, them; (as subj.of inf.) he, she, it, they his, her, its, their (own) one, only as, so that, to . . . ; that factory Gallic Gallic habitual Helvetian hibernate homicide hostility identity interactive id itinerary jussive delegation legion location military transmission multitude navy paternoster, nostrum partition potential process ND ND relic reality suicide, per sē suicide unify ND Author: Vergil Frequency: 9-14 Latin word (dictionary entry) aliquis aliqua, aliquid alius alia, aliud amor amoris (M) ante (prep. w/ acc.; adv.) arx aspiciō bellum caelum caput circum arcis (F) -ere, aspexī, aspectum -ī (N) -ī (N) capitis (N) (prep. w/ acc.) corpus dē corporis (N) (prep. w/ abl.) dexter dextra, dextrum dūcō -ere, dūxī, ductum eō errō ē, ex fāma fātum fluctus for gēns ingēns īra Ītalia iubeō labor lātus lītus manus īre, iī or īvī, itum -āre, -āvī, -ātum (prep. w/ abl.) -ae (F) -ī (N) -ūs (M) fārī, fātus sum gentis (F) ingentis -ae (F) -ae (F) -ēre, iussī, iussum -ōris (M) -a, -um lītoris (N) -ūs (F) medius meus multus -a, -um -a, -um -a, -um nāvis nāvis (F) Total words: 56 Definition(s) someone, anyone, something another, other, else love, affection; Cupid (proper noun) (prep.) before, in front of; (adv.) previously fortress, citadel; hill, peak to look at, behold Derivative(s) ND alien, alienation amorous, paramour antebellum, antecedent ND aspect war, combat, fight sky, heaven, weather head, summit; person around; at; near bellicose, belligerent celestial capital, chapter circumference, circumspect corporation, corporal derivative, demented body down from, away from; concerning, about right, to the right; skillful; favorable ambidextrous, dexterity to lead, guide; to conduct; to choose; to conduct, induction, think deduce to go, walk, move; to ride; to sail transition, initiate to wander, roam; to be mistaken error, erratic out of, from; according to exhume, exhaust report, rumor; saying famous, infamy fate, prediction fatal, fated wave, tide, surge fluctuate to say, speak infant, infancy race, clan; descendant genteel, gentile hge, massive, extraordinary ND anger, fury, hatred ire, irate, irascible Italy italics to order, command; to tell jussive labor, work; hardship, suffering laborious, collaborate wide, extensive, spacious latitude, latitudinal shore, beach littoral hand; group, band; handwork manual, manuscript, manufacture middle, the middle mediator, mediocre my, mine ND much; many (pl.) multiply, multimedia, multitude ship; fleet (pl.) navy, naval noster oculus ōs pater pectus petō nostra, nostrum -ī (M) ōris (N) patris (M) pectoris (N) -ere, -īvī, -ītum our, ours eye mouth; face; expression father; ancestor chest, breast, heart to look for, seek; to attack; to scan rēgīna regnum saxum ---, suī -ae (F) -ī (N) -ī (N) sibi, sē (sēsē), sē (sēsē) queen kingdom, realm; rule boulder, stone, large rock himself, herself, itself, themselves; him, her, it, them; (as subj.of inf.) he, she, it, they w/ abl.: under, at the foot of; w/ acc.: to, toward, up to highest, loftiest, supreme, the top of so great, so much, so large to hold, have; to occupy; to hold back Troy your (sing.) where; when shadow, shade; ghost wave; water, sea as; when; so that; to; how! to come, arrive; to go wind, breeze sub (prep. w/ acc. & abl.) summus -a, -um tantus -a, -um teneō -ēre, -uī, tentum Trōia -ae (F) tuus -a, -um ubi (adv./ conj.) umbra -ae (F) unda -ae (F) ut (conj./ adv.) veniō -īre, vēnī, ventum ventus -ī (M) paternoster, nostrum monocle, binoculars oral, peroration paternal, patron pectoral, expectorant petition, competition, repetition ND reign, interregnum saxifrage suicide, per se submarine, suburb summit, summary tantamount retain, sustain Trojan ND ubiquitous umbrella, sombrero inundate, undulate ND convention, intervene vent, ventilation Author: Caesar Frequency: 9-14 Latin word (dictionary entry) accidit -ere, accidit accipiō -ere, accēpī, acceptum alius alia, aliud alter altera, alterum annus -ī (M) arbitror -ārī, -ātus sum arma -ōrum (N pl.) capiō -ere, cēpī, captum causa causā coepī cognoscō cōgō coniciō cōnstituō conveniō cōpia -ae (F) (prep. w/ gen.) coepisse, coeptum -ere, cognōvī, cognitum -ere, coēgī, coāctum -ere, coniēcī, coniectum -ere, cōnstituī, cōnstitūtum -īre, convēnī, conventum -ae (F) discēdō -ere, discessī, discessūrus eques equitis (M) exercitus -ūs (M) exīstimō -āre, -āvī, -ātum facile (adv.) flūmen flūminis (N) frūmentum -ī (N) genus generis (N) Germānī -ōrum (M pl.) gravis -e interficiō -ere, interfēcī, interfectum litterae -ārum (F pl.) longē manus (adv.) -ūs (F) Total words: 65 Definition(s) to happen to receive; to hear Derivative(s) accident acceptable other, another; else; (pl.) others, some the one . . . the other, another year to think, consider weapons, arms to seize, take; consilium capere to form, make cause, reason; case for the sake of to have begun to learn, learn about alias alternative annual arbitration armory capture to drive together, collect; to compel, force to throw, hurl cogent to place, station; to establish; to decide, determine to come together, gather, meet constitution, constituent convention supply; resource; (pl.) forces, troops, supplies to depart copious horseman; knight; (pl.) cavalry army to think, consider easily river grain birth, origin; kind, class Germans heavy; serious; severe to kill equestrian exercise ND facile, facility flume ND generation German gravity ND letter, epistle; letters (of the alphabet); writing, writings far, at a distance; by far hand; band, force (of an army) literary cause cause ND cognitive conjecture ND long manual mīlle mors multus nē (pl.) mīlia mortis (F) -a, -um (conj.) nihil nox nūllus numerus ōrdō perīculum persuādeō (N) (indecl.) noctis (F) -a, -um -ī (M) ōrdinis (M) -ī (N) -ēre, persuāsī, persuāsum -ī (M) -a, -um -ī, profectus sum -a, -um -a, -um -āre, -āvī, -ātum (adv.) populus prīmus proficīscor proximus pūblicus pugnō quam quis recipiō Rhēnus quid -ere, recēpī, receptum Rhēnī (M) salūs salūtis (F) sed summus superior (conj.) -a, -um superius tamen tēlum tempus tum ūtor vallum (adv.) -ī (N) temporis (N) (adv.) ūtī, ūsus sum -ī (N) veniō virtūs volō -īre, vēnī, ventum virtūtis (F) velle, voluī thousand death much; (pl.) many so that not, not to . . . ; (after clauses of fearing) that; nē quidem not nothing, not anything; (w/ gen.) no night no; nōn nūllus some number rank, position danger to persuade (w/ dat.) mile, millenium mortality multinational ND people, nation first to set out, depart nearest, next public, common to fight as, than; (w/ superlative) as . . . as possible; post(eā) quam after; prius quam before who, what; (after sī, nīsī, num, nē) to receive; sē recipere to go; to withdraw; to recover Rhine (river between Gaul and Germany) well-being, safety population primal profection approximate publication pugnacious ND but highest, greatest; most important upper, higher; previous; more effective nevertheless, however, still spear, javelin time then, at that time to use, make use of (w/ abl.) palisade of stakes on top of an embankment, rampart to come valor, courage; virtue to wish, want annihilate nocturnal annul numeral ordinary perilous persuasive quiddity reception Rhine salutation, salutatorian ND summit superiority ND ND temporary ND utilize ND prevent virtue volition Author: Vergil Frequency: 5-8 Total words: 158 Latin word (dictionary entry) accipiō -ere, accēpī, acceptum adversus -a, -um Definition(s) Derivative(s) to receive, accept; to welcome; to hear acceptable, accepted aequor agmen agō aequoris (N) agminis (N) -ere, ēgī, actum ait anima annus antrum aperiō āra ārdeō at āter aura capiō (defective vb.) -ae (F) -ī (M) -ī (N) -īre, -uī, apertum -ae (F) -ēre, ārsī, ārsum (conj.) ātra, ātrum -ae (F) -ere, cēpī, captum sea, sea surface; waves; plain battle line, column, multitude, army to do, drive; to pursue; go on! (imperative) she says, he says breath; life, existence, soul year; season cave, cavern to open, uncover, disclose, reveal altar to burn, blaze but; yet, at least black, dark; gloomy, deadly air, breeze; favor, light to seize, grasp; to form; to deceive causa celer clāmor -ae (F) celeris, celere -ōris (M) cause, reason, motive quick, swift, speedy shout, roar; applause classis comes coniūnx cor classis (F) comitis (M/F) coniugis (M/F) cordis (N) fleet, division; ship friend, comrade, companion spouse, wife, husband heart, spirit, feelings corripiō crēdō to seize, snatch, grab to believe, trust, confide in (+ dat.) crūdēlis cūra -ere, -uī, correptum -ere, crēdidī, crēditum crūdēle -ae (F) cursus -ūs (M) running, running course; haste Danaus dea dēmittō -ī (M) -ae (F) -ere, dēmīsī, dēmissum doloris (M) Greek, of Danaus (a king of Greece) goddess to drop, let down, shed adversity, advertise, inadvertent ND agminate action, agitation, cogent ND animal, animation annual, perennial antrum aperture, aperitif ND ardent, arson ND atrium, atribilious aura, aurora capture, caption, receipt causal, excuse accelerate, celerity acclaim, clamor, declaim class, classical concomitant conjunction, conjugal cordial, discord, accord ND credit, creed, credible, credulous cruelty curator, accurate, secure incursion, cursor, recourse Danaan deity demise anguish, distress, pain dolorous, doleful dolor opposite, turned toward; facing cruel, crude anxiety, distress, care, concern domus dum etiam extrēmus faciō -ūs (F) (conj.) (adv.) -a, -um -ere, fēcī, factum ferrum fīnis flamma -ī (N) fīnis (M) -ae (F) house, home; building; family while (w/ indic.); until (w/ subj.) also, too, even; still outermost; farthest; final to make, do; to build, produce; to grant iron; tool; spear; sword end, boundary; territory (pl.) fire, flame fortis fuga furō gemitus genus gerō forte -ae (F) -ere, -uī -ūs (M) generis (N) -ere, gessī, gestum brave, strong, courageous flight, escape to rage, rave, be out of one’s mind groan, sighing, complaint family, race; birth to carry, to wage; to wear gravis grave heavy; serious; burdened; full of harēna heu iactō -ae (F) (interj.) -āre, -āvī, -ātum īdem immānis imperium impōnō inter intereā lacrima eadem, idem immāne -ī (N) -ere, imposuī, impositum -a, -um -ere, incēpī, inceptum (prep. w/ acc.) (adv.) -ae (F) sand; beach alas to throw out; to boast; to discuss, speak the same huge; monstrous; frightful supreme power, sovereignty to put on; to place upon laetus lateō Libya līmen -a, -um -ēre, -uī -ae (F) līminis (N) happy, delighted; fertile to hide, conceal, lurk Libya threshold; door; house locus longus lūmen -ī (M) -a, -um lūminis (N) place, spot, location long, extended; (adv.) far off light; eyes (pl.) lūx lūcis (F) light, brightness; day īmus incipiō deepest, the bottom of; the last to begin, start between, among; during meanwhile tear domestic, domicile ND ND extremities, extreme factory, deficient, affectionate ferrous, Fe infinite, define, refine inflammatory, flammable fortifications, forceful fugitive, refugee fury,furious, infuriate ND generic, generate gestation, digest, congestion gravity, aggravate, grievous arena ND ND identical, identity ND imperial, emperor impose, imposing, impostor ND inception, incipient intervene, interrupt ND lachrymal, lachrymose ND latent, latency Libya preliminary; subliminal allocate, locomotive longitude, prolong illuminate, luminescence Lucifer, lucid mare metus mīror misceō miser moenia mōlēs mōns morior moveō mūrus nātus nōmen nōs sea fear, dread, apprehension to wonder, be astonished mix, mingle; to confuse wretched, miserable, unhappy walls, ramparts; structures mass, weight; difficulty; greatness mountain, hill to die, expire; to decay, wither to move, shake; to arouse, agitate wall, city wall son, descendant name, title, fame we, us marine, maritime meticulous miracle, mirage mixture miserable, miser ND molecule, molest montage, montane mortuary, mortgage promotion, demote mural, immure nation, neonatal nominate, ignominy Paternoster nox nūbēs nūllus nūmen opus ōra ōrō parēns parō pars patria pēs pietās poena maris (N) -ūs (M) -ārī, -ātus sum -ēre, -uī, mixtum misera, miserum -ium (N pl.) mōlis (F) montis (M) morī, mortuus sum -ēre, mōvī, mōtum -ī (M) -ī (M) nōminis (N) nostrī, nōbis, nōs, nōbis noctis (F) nūbis (F) -a, -um nūminis (N) operis (N) -ae (F) -āre, -āvī, -ātum parentis (M/F) -āre, -āvī, -ātum partis (F) -ae (F) pedis (M) pietātis (F) -ae (F) night; death cloud, mist, vapor no, none divine power, divinity; god, goddess work, labor; artistic work shore, coast; border, edge to beg, plead; to pray parent to prepare, arrange, make ready part, portion; side homeland, native land, home foot loyalty, devotion, sense of duty punishment, penalty, penal pōnō -ere, -uī, positum to put, place; to establish pontus populus -ī (M) -ī (M) sea, waves people, crowd; nation porta -ae (F) gate, door, entrance possum post posse, potuī (prep. w/ acc.; adv.) -ere, pressī, pressum puerī (M) pulchra, pulchrum puppis (F) to be able, can after, behind nocturnal, equinox ND nullify, annulment numinous inoperable, opus ND oratory, oration parental pare, preparation impartial, partition patriot pedal, pedicure pious, impiety subpoena, penalize, penal composition, deposit, supposition Pontic populace, republic, publicize portal, portcullis, porte cochere potential, impotent postpone, postlude premō puer pulcher puppis to press, pursue, overpower, crush boy, young man beautiful, handsome, noble stern; ship compress, express, repress, depress puerile pulchritude poop deck quaerō to seek, look for, ask for quālis quam rapiō rīpa ruō sacer saevus sanguis -ere, quaesīvī, quaesītum quāle (adv.) -ere, -uī, raptum -ae (F) -ere, ruī, -itum sacra, sacrum -a, -um sanguinis (M) scopulus sēdēs servō -ī (M) sēdis (F) -āre, -āvī, -ātum cliff, crag, rock; ledge seat; dwelling; foundation to save, guard, keep; to watch sīdus silva simul sīderis (N) -ae (F) (adv.) constellation; sky, heavens; weather forest, woods at the same time, simultaneously socius somnus -ī (M) -ī (M) ally, friend, comrade sleep soror sors spērō spēs stō -ōris (F) sortis (F) -āre, -āvī, -ātum speī (F) stāre, stetī, stātum sister luck, lot; fate, destiny to hope; to look for, expect hope, expectation to stand; to be built; to linger, remain subeō subīre, subiī, subitum -ere, surrexī, surrēctum (adv.) (adv.) ī (N) to advance, approach; to enter; to go under to rise, get up, stand up; to ascend tellūris (F) -ī (N) -ī (N) -ere, tetendī, tentum -ōrum (M pl.) -ere, sustulī, sublātum (indecl. adj.) earth, land, ground spear, javelin; weapon temple, sanctuary, shrine to stretch, extend; to present; to aim surgō tandem tantum tēctum tellūs tēlum templum tendō Teucrī tollō tot of what sort? such as, the kind of how, how much; than; as to grab, snatch, tear; to whirl bank (of a river), shore to rush, hurry; to fall down; to plow sacred, holy; sacrifices (n. pl.) savage, fierce, ferocious blood; bloodshed; descendant finally, at last so much, so greatly; only roof; house, dwelling Trojans, decendents of Teucer to lift, raise; to erect; to extol; to destroy so many; as many inquire, question, request qualified, quality ND rapture, velociraptor riparian, river ruin, ruinous desecrate, consecrate ND sanguine; consanguinity ND sedate; sedentary conservation, reserve, preservation consider sylvan, Pennsylvania simulcast, simultaneous society, socialism insomnia, somniferous sorority, sororicide consort, consortium despair, prosper ND stance, stature, obstacle ND insurgent, resurrect tandem tantamount protect, detect, tegument tellurian ND contemplate, templar tent, intent, pretend Teucer extol total tōtus -a, -um all, entire, whole Trōiānus turbō Tyrius ūllus ūnus varius vastus -ve vertex vester vincō -a, -um turbinis (M) -a, -um -a, -um -a, -um -a, -um -a, -um (enclitic conj.) verticis (M) vestra, vestrum -ere, vīcī, victum Trojan, of Troy whirlwind, tornado, hurricane Tyrian, from Tyre any, anyone one; only, alone various; variable, changing vast, immense, huge; unoccupied or whirlpool, vortext; summit, peak your (pl.) to conquer, defeat; to banish vīs vocō vīs (F) -āre, -āvī, -ātum force, violence; strength (pl.) to call, name, address, to invoke volvō -ere, -ī, volūtum vōs vōx vulnus vestrī, vōbis, vōs, vōbis vōcis (F) vulneris (N) to turn, roll; to decree; to glide; to ponder you (pl.) vultus -ūs (M) voice; cry, call; saying wound, injury, blow face; appearance, expression total, totalitarian, subtotal Trojan turbine, disturb Tyrian ND unique, unison invariable, variety devastate ND vertigo, vertical ND invincible, victory, evince violence vocative, invoke, convocation revolver, involve, evolution ND vocal, vociferous vulnerable, invulnerable ND Author: Caesar Frequency: 5-8 Latin word (dictionary entry) absum abesse, āfuī, āfutūrum Aduātucī -ōrum (M pl.) adventus ager aliquī animadvertō -ūs (M) agrī (M) aliqua, aliquod -ere, -ī, animadversum animus -ī (M) ante (adv.) appellō -āre, -āvī, -ātum apud (prep. w/ acc.) at (conj.) autem (adv.) barbarī -ōrum (M pl.) Belgae -ārum (M pl.) Brittania -ae (F) cāsus -ūs (M) celeritās -tātis (F) celeriter (adv.) certus -a, -um circiter (adv.) circumveniō -īre, circumvēnī, circumventum cohors cohortis (F) collocō -āre, -āvī, -ātum colloquor -ī, collocūtus sum commūnis commūne compleō -ēre, -ēvī, -ētum complūrēs complūra comprehendō -ere, -ī, comprehensum cōnfīrmō -āe, -āvī, -ātum cōnor -ārī, -ātus sum cōnsistō -ere, cōnstitī, cōnstitum cōnspiciō -ere, cōnspexī, cōnspectum cōnsuētūdō cōnsuētūdinis (F) cōnsuēvī -isse, cōnsuētum Total words: 136 Definition(s) to be away, be absent, be lacking Derivative(s) absent Aduatuci (a Belgian people of Cimbrian origin) arrival; advance, attack land; field some, any to observe, notice Aduatuci mind, spirit; heart before, previously to name, call at the house of, with; among but however, furthermore barbarians Belgians, Belgae Britain accident, chance, event; misfortune speed quickly certain, fixed about, approximately to surround animation antecedent appellation ND ND ND barbarian Belgium Brittanic case celerity celerity certitude ND circumvent cohort (one-tenth of a legion) to arrange; to place to speak, converse common to fill several to seize; to catch cohort collocate colloquial community completion ND comprehension to strengthen; to establish; to confirm to try to stand (together); to stop, halt confirmation conation consistent to catch sight of, see conspicuous custom to be accustomed (pf. forms w. pres. force ND ND advent agrarian ND ND contineō ēgredior equitātus etiam etsī facultās ferē ferō -ēre, -uī, contentum -ae (F) dēferre, dētulī, dēlātum -āre, -āvī, -ātum dēesse, dēfuī, dēfutūrum -ī (M) -ae (F) -um (M pl.) -ere, dūxī, ductum (conj.) duae, duo -um (M pl.) -ere, effēcī, effectum -ī, egressus sum -ūs (M) (adv.) (conj.) facultātis (F) (adv.) ferre, tulī, lātum fīlius fīnitimus -ī (M) -a, -um fortis gerō iam ibi impedīmenta imperium imperō forte -ere, gessī, gestum (adv.) (adv.) -ōrum (N pl.) -ī (N) -āre, -āvī, -ātum impetus incītō īnferrō -ūs (M) -āre, -āvī, -ātum īnferre, īntulī, illātum (adv.) -ere, intermīsī, intermissum (adv.) (adv.) contrōversia dēferō dēmōnstrō dēsum deus disciplīna druidēs dūcō dum duo Eburōnēs efficiō interim intermittō ita itaque to hold; to contain; to retain; to confine dispute, controversy to bring (down); to report contents to show; to describe to be lacking demonstrative ND god instruction; system, method Druids to lead; to consider while (w/ indic.); until (w/ subj.) two Eburones (a people of Belgian Gaul) to accomplish; to perform; to make, render to go out, come out; to disembark cavalry also; even although chance, opportunity almost; generally, usually to carry, bring; to bear, endure; to call, name; to report son neighboring; (as a substantive) neighbor brave, courageous to wage, carry on; to do now; already there, in that place (traveling) baggage, equipment command; rule; power to order, command (w/ acc. of the thing & dat. of the person) attack to rouse, incite to bring (acc.) upon (dat.), make (war); to throw, thrust meanwhile to discontinue; to leave off; to allow to lapse thus so, in this way and so, therefore deify disciplinary Druidic reduction ND duality Eburones effective controversial deference egress equitation ND ND faculty ND relation affiliate ND fortitude gestation ND ibidem impediment imperious imperative impetuous incite inference interim intermission ND ND iūs iūris (N) licet longus magnitūdō maximē minus mūnitiō nam Nerviī nisi nūntius ob obses obtineō oppugnātiō oppugnō passus pater paulum pāx permoveō -ēre, -uit -a, -um magnitūdinis (F) (adv.) (adv.) mūnitiōnis (F) (conj.) -ōrum (M pl.) (conj.) -ī (M) (prep. w/ acc.) obsidis (M/F) -ēre, -uī, obtentum oppugnātiōnis (F) -āre, -āvī, -ātum -ūs (M) patris (M) (adv.) pācis (F) -ēre, permōvī, permōtum -ēre, -uī, pertentum -āre, -āvī, -ātum -īre, pervēnī, perventum -ere, -īvī/iī, -ītum pertineō perturbō perveniō petō plērumque pōnō post praemium praestō premō prīvātus profectiō prohibeō propter prōvincia pugna (adv.) -ere, posuī, positum (prep. w/ acc.) -ī (N) -āre, praestitī, praestātum -ere, pressī, pressum -a, -um profectiōnis (F) -ēre, -uī, -itum (prep. w/ acc.) -ae (F) -ae (F) law, right; authority; justice; iūs iurandum oath to be allowed, be permitted long greatness; magnitude, size very greatly, in particular, especially less fortification for Nervii (a people of Belgian Gaul) unless, if not; except, only messenger; message because of, on account of, for hostage to hold, occupy attack to attack pace (2 steps); mille passuum mile father a little peace to agitate; to influence, move; to provoke; to rouse to extend; to pertain, relate jury to disrupt; to rouse, agitate to come through, arrive; (w/ ad) to reach to look for, see; to ask; to head for; to attack for the most part, generally to put, place perturb ND after reward to fulfill, perform; to show, display; (w/ dat.) to surpass to press; to oppress postdate premium ND private departure to keep, restrain; to prohibit because of, on account of province fight, battle privacy profection prohibition ND provincial pugnacious license elongate magnitude maximize minus munitions ND Nervii ND announce ND ND obtain oppugn oppugn passage paternity ND pacify ND pertaining petition ND postpone express quidem ratiō (adv.) ratiōnis (F) rēgnum relinquō Rhodanus -ī (N) -ere, relīquī, relictum -ī (M) Sēquanī -ōrum (M pl.) sine spērō spēs sub (prep. w/ abl.) -āre, -āvī, -ātum speī (F) (prep. w/ acc. or abl.) (adv.) -ī, subsecūtus sum -ī (N) -āre, -āvī, -ātum subitō subsequor subsidium superō sustineō tantus -ēre, -uī, sustentum -a, -um teneō tertius -ēre, -uī, tentum -a, -um tollō -ere, sustulī, sublātum -a, -um trānsīre, trānsiī, trānsitum tria turris (F) -a, -um (adv.) -ūs (M) utraque, utrumque -ae (F) -ae (F) tōtus trānseō trēs turris ūllus ūnā ūsus uterque victoria vīta indeed, even account; consideration; manner, method ruling power; kingdom to leave, leave behind ND rational Rhone (river flowing through Lake Geneva to the Mediterranean) Sequani (a people of Gaul, west of the Jura mountains) without to hope, hope for hope under ND suddenly to follow closely reserve troops; aid, support to defeat; to prevail; to survive; to remain to sustain; to support; to withstand; to bear, shoulder so great, such great; tantus . . . quantus as much as to hold, keep third ND consecutive subsidize superlative to lift, raise; to take up; to remove ND all, whole, entire to go across, cross; to pass over totality transitory three tower any together use; practice; need; (w/ ex) of use each, both victory life trifecta turret ND unite usury ND victorious vitality reign relinquish Sequani sinecure desperate ND subterranean sustinence tantamount retention tertiary