Chapter Two Latin Vocabulary
Nouns –all 1st Declension
fama, -ae, f,
rumor, report, fame
forma, -ae, f
form, shape, beauty
fortuna, -ae, f
fortune, luck
ira, -ae, f
anger, ire
nauta, -ae, m
sailor
patria, -ae, f
fatherland, native land, country
pecunia, -ae, f
money
philosophia, -ae, f philosophy
poena, -ae, f
penalty, punishment
poeta, -ae, m
poet
porta, -ae, f
gate, entrance
puella, -ae, f
girl
rosa, -ae, f
rose
sententia, -ae, f
feeling, thought, opinion, vote, sentence
vita, -ae, f
life
Other Parts of Speech
antiquus, -a, -um, adj ancient, old
magnus, -a, -um, adj large, great, important
meus, -a, -um, adj
my
multus, -a, -um, adj many, much
tuus, -a, um, adj
your
et, conjunction
and
sed, conjunction
but
sine, prep. + abl.
without
est, linking verb
is
A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. In Latin there are five basic cases or jobs a noun
can have in a sentence. Latin nouns have gender and are grouped in declensions. A Latin
student must not only learn the meaning of a Latin noun but also its declension and
gender. Gender is indicated by the letters: m, f, n meaning masculine, feminine, or neuter.
An adjective (adj) modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or
quantifying words. In English, an adjective usually comes before the noun or pronoun it
describes. In Latin, the adjective usually comes AFTER the noun or pronoun it describes.
Latin adjectives have three forms since they must be able to modify each of the three
genders of Latin nouns. -us for masculine, -a for feminine, -um for neuter.
Prepositions (prep) links nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other words in a sentence. In
Latin, we always indicate the ‘noun case’ that the preposition links. Prep + Abl means
preposition plus the ablative form of the noun. Prep + Acc mean preposition plus the
accusative form of the noun.