Latin I Exam Review
Day 1 - Nouns
Noun Endings and What They Mean
 Cases
 Nominative: subject, predicate nominative (renames the
subject)
 Accusative: direct object, after certain prepositions (ad, post)
 Dative: indirect object (“to/for the _______”)
 Ablative: after certain prepositions (in, cum, de, sine, pro,
a/ab, e/ex)
Declensions (First – a) (Second – us/um)
Third (anything)
Case
First S
First Pl
Second S
Second Pl
Third S
Third Pl
Nominative
-a
-ae
Us-r/um
-i/-a
-???
-es
Genitive
-ae
-arum
-i
-orum
-is
-um
Dative
-ae
-is
-o
-is
-I
-ibus
Accusative
-am
-as
-um
-os/-a
-em
-es
-a
-is
-o
-is
-e
-ibus
Ablative
There was a noun with lots of endings
It was first declension
A, ae, ae, am, a (x3)
Ae, arum, is, as, is
-us, -I, -o, -um, -o,
-I, -orum, -is, -os, is for masculine;
Um, -I, -o, -um, -o
A, -orum, is-, -a, -is for neuter nouns.
Latin I Exam Review
Verbs
Everything you ever wanted to know
about verbs 

Tense
 Present – I am verbing, I do verb, I verb
 Perfect – I have verbed, I did verb, I verbed
(v, x, u, s….
 Imperfect – I was verbing, I verbed, I used
to verb, I kept verbing (BA)

Person
 First – I, we
 Second – you, you
 Third – he/she/it, they
Number – singular or plural
 Endings – all tenses but perfect (perfect
tense in parentheses)







M/o = I (i)
S = you (isti)
T = he/she/it/noun (it)
Mus=we (imus)
Tis = you (pl) (istis)
Nt = they/noun (erunt)
Sum – I am
 Es - you are
 Est – he/she/it/there is

Sumus – we are
 Estis – you (pl) are
 Sunt – they/there are







Eram – I was
Eras – you were
Erat – he/she/it/there was
Eramus – we were
Eratis – you were
Erant - they/there were
Putting It All Together
How To Translate
Sentence Patterns
 Verb
 Spectat.
 Nominative-verb
 Santa spectat. Ego sum.
 Nominative (form of sum)
 Ego sum in urbe.
nominative/pred adj/prep
Caecilius est argentarius.
phrase.
Syphax est in portu.
 Nom-verb-acc.
 Grumio pavonem coquit.
 Nom-verb-acc-dat.
 Grumio pavonem Metellae parat.
 Then add adverbs, prep
 Grumio pavonem Metellae parat,
phrases, adjectives. Subdivide
quod Metella Syphacem invitavit
based on postquam and quod.
ad cenam.