SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533561513
Date: _______________________
Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes
Many _________________________ belong to this group (almond, cinnamon bark,
apricot oil, etc)
Smaller aldehydes have stronger, less pleasant ____________ (antiseptics,
preservatives, etc)
Ketones
Many _______________________ (chemical signals) found in this group
Aldehydes
Carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain
General formula
Naming Aldehydes
Take the parent name of the alkane and drop the ‘e’, to replace it with ‘_______’
There is no need to note the position of the carbonyl group
___________________________________________________________
Examples:
Page 1 of 4
SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533561513
Pentanal
heptanal
Ketones
Carbonyl group (C=O) somewhere IN the carbon chain.
General formula:
Naming Ketones
Take the parent name of the (larger) alkane and drop the ‘e’, to replace it with
‘__________’.
Remember to give the position of the carbonyl group
Examples
3-pentanone
propanone
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SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533561513
Draw structures for the following compounds.
1. ethanal
2. 3,4-dibromo-6-octenal
3. 5-propylnonanal
4. butanal
5. 2,3-dimethylpentanal
6. 2-methylpropanal
7. 4,5-dimethyl-6-heptenal
8. 3-pentynal
9. 3-chloropropanal
10. 4-decynal
Name the following structures.
1.
5.
Br
|
CH3CH2CHCH2CHO
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CHCHO
|
CH2CH2CH3
2.
6.
FCH2CHO
CH3
|
CH3CHCHCH2CH2CHO
|
CH2CH3
3.
CH3CH=CHCH2CH2CHO
7.
CH3C≡CCH2CH2CH2CH2CHO
4.
FCHO
8.
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2C=CHCH2CHO
|
I
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SCH4C – Organic Chemistry
533561513
Draw the following molecules.
1. propanone
2. 3-octanone
3. 2-hepten-4-one
4. 3-ethyl-4-octanone
5. 3-methylcyclohexanone
6. 3-ethyl-4-nonanone
7. 4,5-dichloro-3-heptanone
8. 5-bromo-2-pentanone
9. 1,3-dichloropropanone
10. 5-propyl-2-decanone
Name the following molecules.
1.
CH3
|
CH3CH2CHCOCH2CH3
2.
6.
CH2CH3
|
CH3CHCHCOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
|
CH3
CH2=CHCH2COCH2CH2CH3
3.
7.
BrCH2COCH3
O
||
CH3CH=CHCH2CCH2CH3
4.
CH3COCH2Cl
5.
8.
O
||
CH3CH2CH2CCHCH2CH2CH3
|
CH2CH2CH3
O
||
CH3CH2CCH2CH2C=CHCH2CH3
|
Br
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