CELLS
The Basic Units of Life
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
What ARE
cells?
Basic unit of life
Smallest structural and functional
unit of ALL living things
What are
the 3
parts of
the cell
theory?
All organisms made of 1 or more
cells
Cell is basic unit of all living things
All cells come from existing cells
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
What are the
2 types of
cells?
Prokaryotic- Singled celled
organisms without a nucleus; do
have DNA & ribosomes (Pro =
before; karyote = kernel)
Eukaryotic – Cells with a
nucleus; have membrane-bound
organelles ( “Eu” = good; karyote =
kernel)
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
Two Types of Cells
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
Parts of the Cell
What do
all cells
have?
Cell Membrane – protective layer
that covers cells surface an acts as
a barrier separating the cell’s
insides from its environment.
Organelles – small bodies in cell’s
cytoplasm that perform a specific
function
Genetic Material/DNA – all cells
have DNA at some time; carries
info to make new cells and new
organisms; directs actions of cell
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
Eukaryotic Cells
What are
the parts
of both
Plant and
Animal
Cells?
(shown with
abbreviated
jobs)
Cell Membrane – protective barrier
Cytoskeleton-web of proteins in cytoplasm;
helps cell movement, shape and division
Nucleus- contains DNA
Ribosomes-make proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum-ER: makes
proteins, lipids, etc.
Mitochondrion – power source
Golgi Complex-packages/distributes
proteins
Lysosome-(mainly animal cells) digestion
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
Eukaryotic Cells
What do Plant
Cells have
that Animal
Cells do
not?
Cell Wall – rigid structure that
gives support to a cell
Chloroplasts – where
photosynthesis occurs, using
sunlight, carbon dioxide, and
water to make sugar and
oxygen
Large Central Vacuole –
stores water and other liquids
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
Organization of Living Things
What is the
difference
between
Unicellular
and
Multicellular
Organisms?
Unicellular Organisms – made
of one cell; Examples: bacteria and
archaea (prokaryotes); yeasts and
some algae & protists (eukaryotes);
need fewer resources; can live in
harsher environments
Multicellular Organisms – made
of multiple cells: plants, animals,
some protists, fungi; starts as single
cell; cells become differentiated
/fixed / specialized
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
Organization of Living Things
What are the
characteristics
of multicellular
organisms?
Larger Size
Longer Life
Specialization
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
From Cells to Organisms
What are the
4 levels or
organization
in a
multicellular
ogranism?
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
Vocabulary
Section 1
cell
cell membrane
organelle
nucleus
Section 2
cell wall
lysosome
cytoskeleton
chloroplast
Golgi complex
vesicle
endoplasmic reticulum
Section 3
organism
function
structure
prokayrote
eukaryote
mitochondrion
ribosome
tissue
organ
organ system