NIGERIAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY
33 POPE JOHN PAUL II STREET, MAITAMA DISTRICT,
P.M.B. 615, GARKI, ABUJA, NIGERIA
Agrometeorological Bulletin No.31, Dekad 1, November (1 –10) 2012
SUMMARY
1.0 RAINFALL TREND
During the period under review, most parts of the north remained dry and sunny while light to
moderate rains were received in parts of the Niger Delta and southeast. The highest rainfall of
193.4mm was recorded at Uyo followed by Eket with 120.8mm. The north and some parts of the
southwest were under deficit soil moisture conditions while the Niger Delta and south east had neutral
to surplus. Warmer than normal temperatures have persisted in parts of the extreme north while
colder than normal temperatures prevailed in and around Jos, and Eket.
some inland parts of the south had appreciable rainfall
with Uyo recording the highest of 193.4mm followed by
Eket with 120.8mm.
1.1 Rainfall Anomaly
14N
KAT
SOK
GUS
MAI
POT
ZAR
KAD
YEL
BAU
BID
MIN
ABU
OGJ
OBU
IKO
OWE
UMU
UYO
PHC CAL
EKT
ENU
ASA
AWK
-100
-60
-20
Normal defined by tolerance
of ±20% departure.
60
140
WAR
4N
LAF
IBI
MAK
LOK
100
6N
YOL
0
SHK ILO
ISE OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
8N
GOM
JOS
20
10N
LAT. (N)
NGU
KAN
-140
12N
LEGEND
SURPLUS
2N
2E
4E
6E
DEFICIT
NORMAL
8E
10E
12E
14E
LONG. (E)
FIG.1: 1ST DEKAD OF NOVEMBER, 2012 RAINFALL ANOMALIES(%)
OVER THE COUNTRY. ANOMALIES ARE COMPUTED WITH
RESPECT TO THE 1971-2000 BASE PERIOD DECADAL MEANS.
1.3 COMPARISON OF NORMAL WITH ACTUAL RAINFALL
FOR THE DEKAD
The comparison of the actual rainfall amounts with
normal rainfall values during the dekad in most stations
across the north and south reveals that the few stations
in the north that recorded rains had their actual rainfall
amounts higher than the long term averages (Fig 3A)
while the south had most stations actual rainfall also
higher than normal values (Fig 3B).
FIG. 3A: COMPARISON OF NORMAL WITH OBSERVED
RAINFALLOF DEKAD 1, NOVEMBER 2012: NORTHERN STATES
Fig 1 shows the rainfall anomaly over the country and
indicates that deficit rainfall anomalies were recorded in
most parts of the north while the south had mostly normal
to surplus.
14N
KAT
GUS
GOM
FIG. 3B: COMPARISON OF NORMAL WITH OBSERVED RAINFALL
OF DEKAD 1, OF NOVEMBER 2012 : SOUTHERN STATES
OGJ
OBU
IKO
250
OWE
UMU
UYO
PHC CAL
EKT
200
0
20
100
4N
0
YOL
ENU
ASA
AWK
WAR
10
LAF
IBI
MAK
LOK
40
6N
BAU
60
SHK ILO
ISE OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
8N
15
JOS
80
LAT. (N)
BID
MIN
ABU
20
MAI
POT
10N
25
5
KAN
ZAR
KAD
YEL
NORMAL
30
NGU
10
12N
LEGEND
ACTUAL
RAINFALL AMOUNT (mm)
150
4E
6E
8E
10E
12E
14E
LONG. (E)
FIG.2: ACTUAL RAINFALL AMOUNT FOR DEKAD 1, NOVEMBER 2012
RAINFALL (MM)
2N
2E
ACTUAL
35
RAINFALL VALUES(mm)
1.2 Rainfall Amounts
SOK
40
100
50
The distribution of the actual amounts of rainfall across
the country is shown in fig 2 and reveals that most parts
of the north were dry. However the coastal areas and
0
NORMAL
while warmer than normal temperatures were observed
in parts of the extreme north namely Sokoto, Yelwa,
Gusau, Katsina, Kano, Nguru, Potiskum, Maiduguri and
Yola. However, areas in and around Jos, and Eket were
colder than normal.
1.4 Number of Rain Days
14N
4N
LEGEND
LEGEND
NUMBER OF RAIN DAYS
10E
WARMER
12E
2N
2E
14E
4E
6E
2.0 SOIL MOISTURE CONDITION
14N
KAT
GUS
BID
MIN
ABU
LOK
OGJ
OBU
IKO
By definition the area between
OWE
±20%
is under Neutral/Normal
UMU
UYO
PHC CAL
EKT soil moisture conditions.
8N
SURPLUS
4E
6E
8E
NEUTRAL
10E
12E
DEFICIT
14E
6N
ZAR
KAD
BID
MIN
ABU
SHK ILO
ISE OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
GOM
YOL
LAF
IBI
MAK
ENU
ASA
AWK
38
4N
BAU
MAI
JOS
LOK
WAR
LONG. (E)
FIG.5: 1ST DEKAD OF NOVEMBER, 2012 SOIL MOISTURE INDICES(%)
OVER THE COUNTRY.
NGU
KAN
POT
10N
LAT. (N)
-140
-100
-60
-20
140
0
ENU
ASA
AWK
LEGEND
2N
2E
GUS
12N
YEL
WAR
4N
KAT
SOK
YOL
20
6N
14N
GOM
JOS
60
8N
BAU
3.2 Maximum Temperature Values
The actual mean maximum temperature distribution is
shown in Fig 7 and reveals that temperatures in excess of
32 Deg C were recorded in most parts of the north and
inland parts of the south. However, lower temperatures
were recorded in and around Jos and the coastal cities of
the south. The increasing temperature across the country
was due to the cessation of rains in most areas.
LAF
IBI
MAK
100
SHK ILO
ISE OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
14E
MAI
POT
10N
LAT. (N)
NGU
KAN
ZAR
KAD
YEL
COLDER
12E
FIG.6: 1ST DEKAD OF NOVEMBER. 2012 MEAN MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE
ANOMALIE (Deg C) OVER THE COUNTRY.ANOMALIES ARE COMPUTED
WITH RESPECT TO THE 1971-2000 BASE PERIOD DECADAL MEANS.
The distribution of number of rain days across the
country (fig 4) reveals that most parts of the north
had no rains while the south had between 2 to 6
days of rainfall.
SOK
10E
LONG. (E)
FIG.4: ACTUAL NUMBER OF RAIN DAYS FOR DEKAD 1, NOVEMBER 2012
12N
NORMAL
8E
LONG. (E)
OGJ
OBU
IKO
OWE
UMU
UYO
PHC CAL
EKT
26
8E
28
6E
30
4E
32
2N
2E
OGJ
OBU
IKO
OWE
UMU
UYO
PHC CAL
EKT
ENU
ASA
AWK
WAR
2
6
6N
YOL
LAF
IBI
MAK
LOK
-2.5
OWE
UMU
UYO
PHC CAL
EKT
SHK ILO
ISE OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
GOM
JOS
-2
OGJ
OBU
IKO
ENU
ASA
AWK
4N
8N
BAU
BID
MIN
ABU
-1.5
LAT. (N)
LOK
WAR
10N
-1
YOL
2.5
6N
JOS
4
8N
ZAR
KAD
YEL
LAF
IBI
MAK
MAI
POT
GOM
0
SHK ILO
ISE OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
BAU
NGU
KAN
34
BID
MIN
ABU
2
10N
KAT
GUS
12N
1
ZAR
KAD
SOK
MAI
POT
YEL
LAT. (N)
14N
NGU
KAN
36
GUS
1.5
KAT
SOK
12N
LEGEND
MEAN MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE (Deg.C)
The decadal distribution of soil moisture indices (fig 5)
indicates that most parts of the north and some parts of
the south west was under
deficit soil moisture
conditions while the Niger Delta and south east had
neutral to surplus soil moisture indices. With the
cessation of rains in parts of the north, farmers are
advised to irrigate their crops for optimum yields.
3.0 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE TREND
3.1 Maximum Temperature Anomaly
The trend of maximum temperature anomaly (Fig 6)
indicates that most parts of the country were normal
2N
2E
4E
6E
8E
10E
12E
14E
LONG. (E)
FIG.7: MEAN MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE FOR DEKAD 1, NOVEMBER 2012
4.0 WEATHER/AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK FOR DEKAD 2
(11 TO 20), OF NOVEMBER 2012
4.1 Weather Outlook
The ITD position is expected to oscillate between latitude
11 deg. N & 12.5 deg. N.
The northern parts of the country are expected to be
partly cloudy and sunny with slight dust haze in parts of
the extreme north.
NIGERIAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY (NIMET)
AGROMETEOROLOGICAL BULLETIN NO. 31, DEKAD 1 NOVEMBER (1-10) 2012
Page 2
The Inland and coastal parts of the south are expected to
experience cloudy weather condition with
localized
rains during the dekad.
The expected mean maximum temperatures for the
extreme north is between 38 and 400C and mean
minimum temperatures of 22 to 240C.
In the inland and coastal parts of the south, mean
maximum and minimum temperatures are expected to
range between 29 and 310C and 23 to 240C respectively.
4.2 Agricultural Activity/Outlook
With the cessation of rains in parts of the north and
central states, farmers are advised to irrigate their crops
for optimum yields while harvest of cereals are expected
to continue while in the south, harvest of cassava, yams
and vegetables prevailed.
TABLE OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE DEKAD
STATION
ABEOKUT
A
RAINFAL
L
ABUJA
AKURE
ASABA
RAINDA
Y
8.2
2
11
4
23.3
-
AWKA
BAUCHI
BENIN
BIDA
5
-
18.6
36.6
20.2
34.0
23.5
1
61
49.
7
47.
5
33.6
24.1
1
51.
5
21.0
189.
2
3
GOMBE
0
0
IBADAN
40
4
IJEBU
96.5
5
IKOM
74
4
ILORIN
8.7
1
2
JOS
0
0
KADUNA
0
0
KANO
0
0
KATSINA
0
0
34.9
2
2.2
MAIDU
MAKURDI
-
27.3
21.3
36.2
6
67.5
LOKOJA
32.2
18.4
6
120.8
LAFIA
20
33.1
72.2
12.6
23.3
32.3
15.2
0
6
ISEYIN
-
33.4
-
DD
203.
4
181.
6
187.
4
28.3
3
0
0
ENUGU
49.
9
56.
5
44.
2
49.
9
41.
6
31.
4
48.
4
48.
8
44.
9
45.
3
47.
4
49.
5
47.
1
TMI
N
49
55.
4
62.
3
31.8
0
EKET
TMA
X
199.
1
191.
8
193.
4
211.
8
189.
8
183.
2
190.
3
206.
5
189.
1
191.
9
191.
4
195.
2
185.
6
137.
5
177.
5
194.
3
203.
9
207.
5
208.
4
86.9
CALABAR
PE
T
48.
8
51.
5
48.
9
33.3
22.6
34.4
20.0
31.7
23.0
34.4
24.0
30.8
23.1
28.6
24.1
32.2
21.8
33.8
23.6
31.5
22.4
31.8
22.6
32.1
22.2
32.9
22.1
31.6
-
21.5
32.9
RA
D
20
MINNA
0
0
OGOJA
79.5
3
21.9
ONDO
48.8
3
20.6
OSHODI
36.8
4
-
OSOGBO
84.9
6
20.6
OWERRI
66.1
3
23.6
POT
18.4
SHAKI
0
0
20.1
SOKOTO
0
0
17.5
UMUAHIA
67.7
4
13.3
UYO
20.3
WARRI
19.9
YELWA
0
0
18.8
YOLA
0
0
18.9
ZARIA
19.8
OBUDU
20.5
IBI
19.9
ADO-EKITI
22.6
23.7
USI-EKITI
CALABAR
MARINE
193.4
-
49
45.
2
42.
9
46.
8
46.
8
44.
2
62.
3
43.
7
42.
2
6
-
-
50.
7
-
-
-
2.6
1
44.7
3
62
2
-
17
4
38.1
6
40.
2
22.8
33.0
22.5
31.7
22.6
32.0
23.9
31.7
21.8
31.6
21.8
30.8
21.7
38.6
22.7
31.0
22.4
30.6
53.
8
55.
7
45.
3
50.
2
48.
7
33.9
22.6
-
35.3
22.7
36.4
23.9
-
31.5
22.4
33.6
22.9
32.2
21.5
-
-
31.0
24.0
203.
3
197.
5
191.
5
199.
4
187.
7
187.
2
182.
2
226.
2
187.
1
185.
8
209.
7
221.
4
189.
8
202.
5
188.
7
194.
7
20.8
20.3
18.9
17.6
19.7
19.7
18.8
24.5
18.4
17.8
21.8
22.1
19
20.6
20.5
16.7
25.9
25
20.2
19.3
21.6
Dear All,
Comments and suggestions on how to improve this publication are welcome. Agrometeorologists, Agriculturists,
Extension Workers, Research Officers, Users and the General Public should kindly send feedback to:
The Director-General/CEO,
Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET),
33 Pope John Paul II Street, Maitama District,
PMB 615 Garki, Abuja.
E-mail: nimetagrometbulletin@yahoo.com; NIMET WEB SITE: www.nimetng.org
NIGERIAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY (NIMET)
AGROMETEOROLOGICAL BULLETIN NO. 31, DEKAD 1 NOVEMBER (1-10) 2012
Page 3