NIGERIAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY
33 POPE JOHN PAUL II STREET, MAITAMA DISTRICT,
P.M.B. 615, GARKI, ABUJA, NIGERIA
Agrometeorological Bulletin No.17, Dekad 2, June (11 – 20) 2012
SUMMARY
During the period under review, surplus/positive rainfall anomalies were recorded in most areas of the
country except for Gusau, Yelwa, Kaduna, Minna, Ilorin, Lokoja, Makurdi, Ijebu-Ode, Enugu,
Asaba, Owerri and Umuahia that had deficit . The country recorded light to moderate rains while most
areas such as Abuja, Abeokuta, Benin, Calabar, Ogoja and Uyo had high intensity falls which resulted
in flooding and erosion. Most parts of the south and some parts of the north central had surplus soil
moisture conditions while the extreme northwest, Nguru and Potiskum had deficit . Warmer than
normal temperatures continued to be experienced along the extreme north (Sokoto, Katsina, Kano,
Nguru, Yelwa, Potiskum, Maiduguri and Yola) while Jos and Eket remained colder. Temperatures
below 32 Deg C were recorded in most parts of the south and north central while the extreme north
remained predominantly above 32 Deg C. However no part of the country recorded temperatures above
37Deg C as the temperatures have continued to be lowered by the increasing rain in the north.
1.0 RAINFALL TREND
1.1 Rainfall Anomaly
The rainfall received across the country is shown in fig 2
and reveals that all parts of the country received over
20mm of rains except areas in and around Nguru, Gusau,
Yelwa, and Potiskum. In Uyo and some parts of the south,
heavy rain and thunderstorm caused flooding of roads and
farmlands while some buildings were destroyed by the
heavy downpour.
14
KAT
SOK
GUS
MAI
POT
ZAR
KAD
BAU
BID
MIN
ABU
LOK
6
8
10
12
14
LONG. (E)
FIG. 1: 2nd DEKAD OF JUNE 2012 RAINFALL ANOMALIES (%)
OVER THE COUNTRY. ANOMALIES ARE COMPUTED WITH
RESPECT TO THE 1971 - 2000 BASE PERIOD DECADAL MEANS.
1.3 COMPARISON OF NORMAL
RAINFALL FOR THE DEKAD
Fig 1 above shows the rainfall anomaly during the dekad
and indicates that surplus rainfall anomalies were
recorded in most areas of the country except for Gusau,
Yelwa, Kaduna, Minna, Ilorin, Lokoja, Makurdi, IjebuOde, Enugu, Asaba, Owerri and Umuahia that had deficit.
Other areas remained normal.
1.2 Rainfall Amounts
KAT
GUS
MAI
POT
ZAR
KAD
BID
MIN
ABU
2
4
6
80
60
40
POTISKUM
ZARIA
NGURU
KANO
KADUNA
YELWA
GUSAU
YOLA
SOKOTO
GOMBE
MAIDUG
LAFIA
BAUCHI
MINNA
ABUJA
JOS
NORMAL
BIDA
ACTUAL
0
LOKOJA
0
40
80
100
160
20
KATSINA
LEGEND
2
OWE
UMU
UYO
CAL
PHC
EKT
360
400
4
OGJ
OBU
IKO
ENU
ASA
AWK
WAR
GOM
LAF
IBI
MAK
LOK
300
6
100
YOL
200
ILO
SHK
ISE
OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
8
BAU
JOS
260
10
120
IBI
YEL
LAT. (N)
NGU
KAN
140
ILORIN
SOK
12
ACTUAL
160
RAINFALL VALUES(mm)
14
WITH
The comparison of the actual rainfall amount with normal
rainfall values in some selected stations across the south
and north is shown in Figs 3A & B below. Both figures
show that most stations in both the north and south
indicate that above normal rainfall prevailed during the
dekad.
MAKURDI
4
-60
NORMAL DEFICIT
SURPLUS
2
2
-20
100
LEGEND
Normal defined by tolerance
of ± 20% departure
OWE
UMU
UYO
CAL
PHC
EKT
220
WAR
4
OGJ
OBU
IKO
ENU
ASA
AWK
140
6
YOL
LAF
IBI
MAK
ILO
OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
180
SHK
ISE
8
GOM
JOS
20
10
60
YEL
LAT. (N)
NGU
KAN
-100
12
RAINFALL AMOUNT (mm)
8
10
12
14
LONG. (E)
FIG. 2: ACTUAL RAINFALL AMOUNT FOR DEKAD 2, JUNE 2012
FIG. 3A: COMPARISON OF NORMAL WITH OBSERVED RAINFALLOF DEKAD 2, JUNE 2012:
FOR NORTHERN AND CENTRAL STATES OF NIGERIA
3.0 MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE TREND
3.1 Maximum Temperature Anomaly
Fig 6 shows the trend of maximum temperature anomaly
over the country and indicates that warmer than normal
temperatures have continued to be experienced along the
extreme north (Sokoto, Katsina, Kano, Bauchi, Nguru,
Yelwa, Potiskum, Maiduguri and Yola) while areas in and
around Jos and Eket were colder than normal. Elsewhere
were normal with no significant change when compared
with the normal temperatures.
500
450
400
350
250
200
150
100
ACTUAL
50
NORMAL
14
KAT
SOK
BID
MIN
ABU
YOL
OGJ
OBU
IKO
OWE
UMU
UYO
CAL
PHC
EKT
12
14
FIG. 4: ACTUAL NUMBER OF RAIN DAYS FOR DEKAD 2, JUNE 2012
The number of rain days across the country is shown
in Fig 4 and reveals that most stations in the north
had 2 or more days of rainfall while the south had 4
and above. Generally rainfall distribution was
favourable for optimal crop development.
KAT
SOK
GUS
12
LAT. (N)
KAT
GUS
ZAR
KAD
BID
MIN
ABU
LEGEND
2
4
8
-60
-20
20
60
100
OWE
UMU
UYO
CAL
PHC
EKT
LOK
-2.5
-2
YOL
OGJ
OBU
IKO
OWE
UMU
UYO
CAL
PHC
EKT
ENU
ASA
AWK
36
LEGEND
By definition, the area between
± 20% is under Neutral / Normal
soil moisture condition
MEAN MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE (Deg. C)
2
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
LONG. (E)
FIG. 7: MEAN MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE FOR DEKAD 2, JUNE 2012
NEUTRAL DEFICIT
SURPLUS
6
4
OGJ
OBU
IKO
140
220
4
2
YOL
ENU
ASA
AWK
WAR
WAR
JOS
LOK
180
6
OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
GOM
JOS
LAF
IBI
MAK
ILO
GOM
LAF
IBI
MAK
ILO
OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
SHK
ISE
8
6
BAU
BAU
BID
MIN
ABU
MAI
POT
YEL
LAT. (N)
KAN
-140
12
NGU
-100
SOK
MAI
POT
10
14
NGU
KAN
ZAR
KAD
YEL
2.0 SOIL MOISTURE CONDITION
8
-1.5
14
26
10
3.2 Maximum Temperature Values
The actual mean maximum temperature distribution is
shown in Fig 7 below and reveals that most parts of the
south and the north central recorded temperatures below
32 Deg C while the north was predominantly above 32
Deg C. With increasing rains across the north,
temperatures have continued to drop as no station had
temperatures above 37 Deg C.
28
8
LONG. (E)
SHK
ISE
14
30
6
10
12
32
4
10
34
0
NUMBER OF RAIN DAYS
2
2
8
ENU
ASA
AWK
8
LEGEND
NORMAL COLDER
WARMER
6
FIG. 6: 2nd DEKAD OF JUNE 2012 MEAN MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE
ANOMALIES (Deg. C) OVER THE COUNTRY. ANOMALIES ARE COMPUTED
WITH RESPECT TO THE 1971 - 2000 BASE PERIOD DECADAL MEANS.
LAF
IBI
MAK
LOK
WAR
4
4
LONG. (E)
2
6
LEGEND
2
JOS
6
SHK ILO
ISE OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
8
Normal defined by the tolerance
of ± 1.0 Deg. Celsius departure
2
GOM
4
10
BAU
4
MAI
POT
ZAR
KAD
YEL
OGJ
OBU
IKO
OWE
UMU
UYO
CAL
PHC
EKT
ENU
ASA
AWK
2.5
KAN
YOL
LOK
-1
OSG
IBA
Ado
AKU
ABE
OND
IJE
IKE
OSD
BEN
NGU
GUS
JOS
2
LAT. (N)
8
GOM
LAF
IBI
MAK
ILO
WAR
KAT
SOK
BAU
BID
MIN
ABU
SHK
ISE
6
12
MAI
POT
10
14
NGU
KAN
ZAR
KAD
YEL
1.4 Number of Rain Days
LAT. (N)
GUS
12
FIG. 3B: COMPARISON OF NORMAL WITH OBSERVED RAINFALL OF DEKAD 2, OF JUNE 2012 :
SOUTHERN STATES OF NIGERIA
1
Uyo
Ikom
Obudu
Umuahia
Eket
Calabar
Portharc
Warri
Ogoja
Awka
Enugu
Owerri
Benin
Asaba
Usi-Ekiti
Ondo
Ado-Ekiti
Akure
Oshogbo
Shaki
Iseyin
Ijebu-Ode
Ikeja
Ibadan
Abeokuta
Oshodi
0
1.5
RAINFALL (MM)
300
10
12
14
LONG. (E)
FIG. 5: 1st DEKAD OF JUNE 2012 SOIL MOISTURE INDICES (%)
OVER THE COUNTRY.
The decadal distribution of soil moisture across the
country is shown in Fig 5 and indicates that most parts of
the south and some parts of the north central had surplus
soil moisture conditions while the extreme northwest,
Nguru and Potiskum had deficit. Other areas remained
normal. Generally there was increased soil moisture for
optimum crop development.
4.0 WEATHER/AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK FOR
DEKAD 3 (21 TO 30), OF JUNE 2012
4.1 Weather Outlook
The ITD position is still expected to be above the country
where the tip is touching the fringe of Chad, placing the
extreme North under the influence of cloudy weather
conditions and occasional thunderstorms activities (i.e.
the Eastern part of the extreme north). The Central states
are expected to experience cloudy weather as well as
thunderstorm activities.
NIGERIAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY (NIMET)
AGROMETEOROLOGICAL BULLETIN NO. 17, DEKAD 2, JUNE (11-20) 2012
Page 2
The Inland and coastal parts of the country are expected
to be cloudy with localised rain / thundery activities
during the period.
The expected mean maximum temperature for the
extreme Northern part of the country ranges between 30 36 deg C while the mean minimum temperature ranges
between 21 - 27 deg C.
The expected mean maximum temperature for Central
part of the country ranges between 29-33 deg C while the
mean minimum temperature ranges between 20 - 25 deg
C.
For Inland and coastal areas of the country, maximum
temperature ranges between 27-32 deg C., while mean
minimum temperature ranges between 20 -24 deg C
during the period.
4.2 Agricultural Activity/Outlook
Planting of staple food crops continued in parts of the
north central while in the extreme north, clearing of
farmlands in preparation of planting is in progress. In
parts of the south and north central, harvest of maize is in
progress while vegetables planted on irrigated farms in
the north is in progress
Farmers in the extreme north are advised to prepare their
farms in readiness for planting of new crops as the
cropping
season
is
expected
to
commence.
TABLE OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE DEKAD
STATION
RAINFALL
RAINDAY
PET
TMAX
TMIN
DD
RAD
MINNA
20.3
3
43.7
31.6
20.9
182.4
18.5
ABEOK
115.7
5
35.2
30.8
24
193.9
14.6
NGURU
22.4
1
47
36.1
25.2
226.7
18.5
ABUJA
109.3
6
38.9
30.3
21.8
180.4
16.6
OGOJA
290.8
7
38.8
30.5
22.2
183.7
16.4
AKURE
90.2
7
36.5
29.4
21.9
176.6
15.6
ONDO
70.9
6
37.9
30.7
22.9
187.9
15.9
ASABA
21.5
6
36.7
29.8
22.3
180.9
15.6
OSHODI
128.1
7
35.4
30.8
24.2
194.9
14.7
AWKA
35.8
9
36.8
30.3
22.8
185.6
15.5
OSOGBO
78.1
4
37.4
29.9
22.1
179.8
16
BAUCHI
52.3
3
40.9
32.1
23.0
195.5
16.9
OWERRI
39.3
4
33.4
29.2
22.7
179.5
14.3
BENIN
184.4
6
33.9
29.8
23.5
186.5
14.3
PHC
104
6
33.5
29.4
23.0
181.8
14.2
BIDA
100.2
6
38.6
31.4
23.3
193.9
16.1
POT
26.4
2
45.6
34.7
23.9
212.7
18.4
CALABAR
202.2
7
35.1
30.2
23.5
188.7
14.7
SHAKI
89.2
5
38.1
29.3
20.9
171.3
16.5
EKET
194.2
9
28.5
28.1
23.6
178.5
12.2
SOKOTO
42.9
2
43
34.6
25.1
218.6
17.2
ENUGU
67.2
7
38.6
30.4
22.1
182.4
16.4
UMUAHIA
31.6
3
35.1
29.8
22.9
183.7
14.8
GOMBE
80.8
4
37.6
31.5
22.4
184.1
15.9
UYO
437.2
8
31.6
29.0
23.3
181.5
13.4
GUSAU
17.5
3
46.4
33.7
23.9
207.7
18.9
WARRI
184.6
9
35.9
30.5
23.4
189.2
15
IBADAN
49.4
5
38
29.8
22.8
183.1
16.1
YELWA
12.2
3
41.9
33.8
24.8
212.7
16.9
IJEBU
43.3
5
38.6
30.2
23.1
186.4
16.3
YOLA
105
4
42.5
33.2
23.6
203.8
17.3
IKEJA
82.5
5
33.7
29.4
23.9
186.5
14.2
ZARIA
IKOM
153.1
8
37.2
29.7
23.0
183.6
15.7
OBUDU
164.7
8
33
28.7
22.2
174.5
14.2
ILORIN
34.4
4
41.3
30.8
22.6
187.1
17.4
5
35.1
30.2
23.4
187.8
14.7
68
4
40.3
30.0
22.1
180.6
17.2
IBI
ADOEKITI
125.6
ISEYIN
94.4
7
36.1
29.2
21.8
175
15.6
114.2
5
40.8
26.3
16.5
133.9
19
USI-EKITI
88.6
4
38.2
5
41.1
30.5
20.6
175.5
17.7
CALARMA
117.6
8
31.7
29.3
23.7
185
13.4
150.7
4
44.6
33.7
23.0
203.6
18.3
KATSINA
16.4
2
46.5
35.1
24.0
215.4
18.6
LAFIA
60.8
4
39.8
32.1
23.7
199.3
16.4
LOKOJA
27.5
3
38.2
31.7
24.0
198
15.8
35.4
3
38.1
30.0
21.6
178
16.3
JOS
KADUNA
KANO
MAIDU
MAKURDI
Dear All,
Comments and suggestions on how to improve this publication are welcome. Agrometeorologists, Agriculturists, Extension
Workers, Research Officers, Users and the General Public should kindly send feedback to:
The Director-General/CEO,
Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET),
33 Pope John Paul II Street, Maitama District,
PMB 615 Garki, Abuja.
E-mail: nimetagrometbulletin@yahoo.com; NIMET WEB SITE: www.nimetng.org
NIGERIAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY (NIMET)
AGROMETEOROLOGICAL BULLETIN NO. 17, DEKAD 2, JUNE (11-20) 2012
Page 3