Things to Memorize for the AP Exam
1. Know the names and symbols of these elements.
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Name
Hydrogen
Helium
Lithium
Beryllium
Boron
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Neon
Sodium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Silicon
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Chlorine
Symbol
H
He
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
2. Common Monatomic Ion Charges
Z
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Name
Argon
Potassium
Calcium
Scandium
Titanium
Vanadium
Chromium
Manganese
Iron
Cobalt
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
Gallium
Germanium
Arsenic
Selenium
Symbol
Ar
K
Ca
Sc
Ti
V
Cr
Mn
Fe
Co
Ni
Cu
Zn
Ga
Ge
As
Se
Z
35
36
37
38
47
50
53
54
55
56
74
79
80
82
84
86
92
Name
Bromine
Krypton
Rubidium
Strontium
Silver
Tin
Iodine
Xenon
Cesium
Barium
Tungsten
Gold
Mercury
Lead
Polonium
Radon
Uranium
Symbol
Br
Kr
Rb
Sr
Ag
Sn
I
Xe
Cs
Ba
W
Au
Hg
Pb
Po
Rn
U
Things to Memorize for the AP Exam
3. Polyatomic ion formulas and names.
Polyatomic ions with odd group elements
(e.g. N, Cl) have odd charge (usually -1) and
polyatomic ions with even group elements
(e.g. S, C) have even charge (usually -2).
Adding H to a polyatomic ion increases
charge by +1 (e.g. SO42-, HSO4-)
4. Selected solubility rules.
Soluble salts have these ions:
Group 1, NH4+, NO3-, HCO3-, ClO3-, C2H3O2-
Exception
none
Insoluble salts have these ions:
CO32-, PO43-, CrO42-, S2OH-
Exception
Group 1 & NH4+
Group 1 & Ba2+
Things to Memorize for the AP Exam
5. Activity series.
Activity Series
Most easily oxidized
will displace H from water
will displace H from acids
will not displace H
Most easily reduced