Name:_________________________________________ Assessment Date: Wed., 10/29 or Thurs., 10/30
Study Guide Cell Parts and Function Assessment
Be able to compare the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
No nucleus
No membrane-covered organelles
Circular DNA
Bacteria
Nucleus
Membrane-covered organelles
Linear DNA
All other cells
Directions: In the boxes below identify which cells are prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Prokaryotic Cell
cytoplasm
Eukaryotic Cell
DNA
Cell membrane
DNA
Cell Wall
The cell wall allows a plant to
stand upright
List four things that are different about the plant and animal cell above.
1. Plant cells have larger vacuoles than animal cells.
2. Plant cells have chloroplast to convert sunlight to energy, but animal cells do not.
3. Plant cells are rectangular or square shaped, whereas animals cells are round.
4. Plant cells have a cell wall, whereas animal cells do not have a cell wall.
List the four things all cells have in common.
1. Small in size
2. Have cell membrane (allows nutrients in and wastes out)
3. Have DNA (hereditary material- manual on how to grow)
4. Have cytoplasm
CIRCLE: Human have (prokaryotic/eukaryotic) and are (unicellular/multicellular).
Know following organelles and the function of each:
 organelles: specialized structures which carry out the cell’s life processes
 cell membrane: a phospholipid layer that surrounds a cell’s surface and
acts like a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.
 Allows nutrients in and waste products out
 cell wall: a structure made from cellulose that surrounds the cell membrane
of plant and bacteria cells and provides strength and support to the cell
 Animal cells do not have a cell wall.
 nucleus: the most visible organelle when looking through a microscope
 In a eukaryotic cell the DNA is found in the nucleus.
 Control center of the cell or brain of cell.
 nucleolus: stores the materials that will be used later to make ribosomes in
the cytoplasm
 DNA: heredity material found in the nucleus of cell of eukaryotic cells, and
in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.
 cytoplasm: jelly-like fluid inside of the cell
 mitochondria: breaks down food molecules to make ATP (energy)
 bean-shaped organelle
 chloroplast: found in plant and algae cells
-make food using the energy from the sun
 endoplasmic reticulum: transports material from the nucleus to other
parts of the cell, often covered with ribosomes.
 lysosomes: digests food particles, waste and old cell parts and transports
them out of the cell in vesicles
Two examples of lysosomes at work would be
-breaking down the webbing between our fingers as we develop
-breaking down a frog’s tail as it goes through metamorphosis
 ribosome: the only organelle in eukaryotic cells that is not covered by a
membrane
 the smallest most abundant organelle (lots of them!)
 makes proteins
 vacuole: stores food, water and other materials
 much larger in a plant cell
 pigment in vacuoles is what gives some plants their color
 makes vegetables crispy if they are full of water
Be able to identify and label all of the following organelles in a cell
 cell membrane
 cell wall
 chloroplast
 DNA
 endoplasmic reticulum
 nucleus
 ribosomes
 vacuole(s)
 cytoplasm
 nucleolus
 mitochondria