SC.912.L.14.3
By
Daniel Auli
What is SC.912.L.14.3
 Compare
and Contrast the structures
found in plant cells and in animal cells
 Compare and contrast the structures
found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
 Describe how structures in cells are
directly related to their function in the cell
 Explain the role of the cell membrane
during active and passive transport
Compare and Contrast Plant
and Animal cell structures

A plant cell has a vacuole. This is a sac in which the
cell stores water and nutrients. An animal cell has no
vacuole as it does not make its own food and
therefore does not need to store these nutrients in
that way.

A plant cell has chloroplasts. These are the
instruments in which photosynthesis occurs (the
process of plants making their own food), and where
the pigment chlorophyll comes from, which makes
the plant green. An animal cell has no chloroplasts
as it does not need to make its own food.
Plant and Animal structures
cont.

Both plant and animal cells have a nucleus. The nucleus controls the function
of the cell and what takes place in it. All cells need this control.

Both plant and animal cells have a cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is what fills up
the cell and gives it shape. Many important metabolic reactions take place in
the cytoplasm. All cells need these reactions to occur.

The animal cell has a cell membrane and the plant cell has a cell wall. Both
perform the same main function - they are a semipermeable membrane that
controls the entry and exit of gases and substances to and from the cell.
The cell wall, however, is more rigid and thick, while the cell membrane is
more flexible and is thinner.

The animal cell membrane is thin and flexible because the animal gets its
strength from the skeleton structure of the animal. However, the plant does
not have a bone structure, so its strength must come from the cellular level.
The thick and rigid cell wall provides this strength.
Compare and Contrast
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
cells
 Prokaryotic
cells are organisms without a
cell nucleus or any other membranebound organelles.
 Eukaryotes
are organisms whose cells are
organized into complex structures by
internal membranes and a cytoskeleton.
How structures in cells are
directly related to their
function in the cell

Surface to volume ratio keeps it at the
right size to conduct cellular business.
Which also allows for a smooth
connection between each part of the
cell.
The role of the cell membrane
during Active and Passive
transport
 During
Active transport a cell uses energy
to transport materials to other parts of the
cell. During Passive transport the cell
membrane can facilitate diffusion (such
as larger macromolecules) through
channel proteins
Plant cells and Animal cells
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
cells