PROPERTIES
OF MATTER
MATTER
• What is matter?
• States (phases) of matter
• Properties of matter?
– Physical properties
– Chemical properties
– Characteristic properties
• Changes in matter
• Types of matter
What is Matter?
Matter is the “stuff” that makes up everything.
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up
space (volume). Therefore matter is anything
that has DENSITY!
States of Matter
SOLIDS
What do you think the particles inside a solid are
arranged like?
How do you think the particles inside the solid
move like?
States of Matter
Liquids
What do you think the particles inside a liquid are
arranged like?
How do you think the particles inside the liquid
move like?
States of Matter
GASES
What do you think the particles inside a gases are
arranged like?
How do you think the particles inside the gases
move like?
States of Matter
SOLID
Melting Point
Freezing Point
LIQUID
Condensation Point
Boiling Point
GAS
WHAT IS SUBLIMATION?
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Physical Properties
Can be observed or measured without changing the chemical
makeup of the substance.
Examples include: Color, Density, Taste, Texture, Mass
Chemical Properties
Can be observed only in chemical reactions involving the
substance.
Examples include: Ability to rust, flammability
Characteristic Properties
Are very specific to each type of matter, like fingerprints. They
are UNIQUE to that substance and are used to identify
matter.
Examples include: density,melting, boiling and freezing points,
and conductivity
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
LETS REVIEW!
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TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
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QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Qui ckTi me™ and a
TIFF (Uncompress ed) decompres sor
are needed to s ee this pi cture.
Melting point, boiling point, and freezing point
are all examples of what kind of property?
Why?
CHARACTERISITC PROPERTIES
BECAUSE THEY ARE UNIQUE TO THAT
SUBSTANCE
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
LETS REVIEW!
Shape, volume, and mass are
examples of what kind of property
and why?
PHYSICAL PROPERTY because it is
used to describe a substance BUT it is
not a characteristic property because
these things are not unique to that
substance.
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
LETS REVIEW!
Flammability, rusting, reacting
with water are examples of what
kind of property?
CHEMICAL PROPERTY because it is
used to describe a substances ability
to react with another substance.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
• Besides density, boiling point freezing
point, melting point, condensation,
taste, color…. Are there any other
examples of physical properties?
Malleability
Hardness
Ductility
Elasticity
Conductivity
Solubility
CHANGES IN MATTER
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES
A physical change is when there is a change in the
matter but NO NEW substances are formed.
What are some examples?
Usually there is a change in the SIZE, SHAPE, or
STATE that the matter is in… remember… no new
substances are formed/produced!
HINT: Usually, physical changes are reversible
CHANGES IN MATTER
• A chemical change is a
change in matter where
NEW substances are
formed.
• How do you know that a new
substance has formed?
The properties of the matter have changes! Like
…color, density, boiling pt, solubility, etc.
HINT! Usually, chemical changes are NOT reversible.
CHANGES IN MATTER
LET’S REVIEW!
It is sometimes difficult to tell whether a
chemical or a physical change has
occurred. Here are some clues that
might help:
» Burning always indicates chemical change
» If a NEW color appears, it is a chemical change
» A change in the state of the matter indicates a
physical change. Do not get confused with gas
production which is a chemical change.
» Dissolving is a physical change…it is reversible