Energy & Matter
Chemistry I 5.0
Name ____________________________
Properties & Changes
1. Completion
energy
kinetic
potential
destroyed
created
joule
radiant
a) _________________ is the capacity to do work or produce heat.
b) Sunlight is an example of _________________ energy.
c) The gasoline in your car is an example of chemical ___________________ energy.
d) The SI unit for energy is the _____________.
e) The Law of Conservation of Energy states that in any process, energy is neither
________________ nor ___________________.
f) ____________________energy is the energy of motion.
2. Match the energy-requiring process with the correct energy transformation it involves.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
______burning gas to drive a car
______friction
______photosynthesis
______electric mixer
______steam turbine making electricity
______flashlight
a. electrical to mechanical
b. light to chemical
c. mechanical to heat
d. chemical to electrical to light
e. thermal to mechanical to electrical
f. chemical to thermal to mechanical
3. Convert the following temperatures. Show all your work. Don’t forget significant digits!
47 °C
= _______________ K
212 K = _______________ °C
1000. °C = _______________ K
32 K
= ________________°C
-20. °C = _______________ K
4120. K = _______________ °C
-100. °C = _______________ K
301 K = ________________°C
4.
Typical room temperature is 20.0 °C. What is room temperature on the Kelvin scale?
5.
Pure gold melts at 1064 °C. What is the melting point of gold in kelvins?
6. Matter is anything that has _____________ and takes up __________________.
a) Volume: Amount of _________________ an object takes up.
b) Mass: Quantity of _________________ in a substance. ________________
everywhere.
c) Weight: Force produced by _________________ acting on a mass. This is
____________ in different locations.
d) ________________ possess the greatest amount of kinetic energy.
e) Two factors that determine the state of matter of a substance:
_______________________ and the ___________________________________.
f) These two factors contribute to the ___________________ between the particles.
g) Substances _____________ _______________ when they overcome these attractions.
h) The overall _______________ ______________ (temperature) will remain constant
until the entire substance has completely changed phase.
7. For each of the following, check the one box that applies.
Physical
Property
a. A pond freezes over
b. A puddle dries up
c. Alcohol evaporating
d. Blue color
e. Boiling point
f. Burning paper
g. Butter melting
h. Can neutralize a base
i. Cracking an egg
j. Cutting paper
k. Density
l. Digestion of food
m. Dissolving sugar in water
n. Flammability
o. Glass breaking
p. Hardness
q. Iron rusting
r. Is reactive with water
s. Leaves changing colors on a tree
t. Lighting a match
u. Luster
v. A change in atmospheric pressure
w. Melting glass
x. Melting point
y. Mowing the lawn
z. Odor
Physical
Change
Chemical
Property
Chemical
Change
aa. Paint fading
bb. Solubility
cc. Exploding nitroglycerin
dd. Stretching a rubber band
ee. Supports combustion
ff. Water boiling
gg. Wood rotting
hh. Will form H2 when mixed with acid
Phase Changes
E
VAPOR
D
CONDENSATION
C
BOILING
B
FREEZING
A
LIQUID
MELTING
SOLID
8. Does the temperature increase during melting?
_____________
9. Is energy required for both melting and boiling?
_____________
10. Can both liquid water and steam exist at 100°C?
_____________
11. What must be changed, temperature or heat energy during condensation? How?
____________
12. How would you describe the change in arrangement of particles as heat energy and temperature
increase from solid to liquid for water?
_______________________________________________
13. How would you describe the change in arrangement of particles as heat energy and temperature
increase from liquid to vapor for water?
______________________________________________
14. During melting & boiling temperature __________________________________ and heat
energy _______________, during condensation and freezing temperature
_________________________ and heat energy __________________.
15. After ice melts, what happens to the temperature of the water between its freezing and boiling
point? ______________________
16. Which contains more heat, boiling water or steam (vapor)?
_______________________________
17. On the diagram as you move from point A to point E, what happens to the motion of the
particles? ___________________________________
18. At point D, what changes during boiling, temperature or heat energy?
______________________
19. What happens to the density of water as it moves from point A to point C?
__________________
20. What happens to the density of water as it moves from point C to point E?
__________________
21. Are the particles at point A totally motionless? __________
22. Name the letter where the particles are moving the fastest (have the most kinetic
energy)_______
Two students performed the following experiment. They heated a beaker of ice and measured its
temperature every one minute. After the ice melted, they continued measuring the temperature until it
remained constant for a period of time. This is the graph of their results:
°C
23. What is the starting temperature?
____________
24. How long did this temperature remain constant?
____________
25. What was the final temperature?
____________
26. What is happening in the beaker at 0°C? ___________________ at 100°C?
__________________
27. At these temperatures, what was happening to the heat energy being added to the system?
_______________________________________________________________________________
28. How long did it take the students to reach 50°C ?
____________
29. What was the temperature after 8 minutes?
____________
30. How much did the temperature rise between 8 and 17 minutes?
____________
Classification and Separation
31. Classify each of the following statements with one or more of the following forms of matter.
E – Element
C – Compound
HM – Heterogeneous Mixture
S- Solution
____ soil
____ nitrogen gas
____ air
____ tin
____ pizza
____ hot chocolate
____ baking soda (NaHCO3)
____ mercury
____ 14-carat gold ring
____ distilled water
____ liquid dish detergent
____ steam
____ Italian salad dressing
____ various properties throughout
____ definite composition
____ dilute hydrochloric acid
____ uniform properties throughout
____ can be broken down into components
by a chemical reaction
____ CH3OH
____ perfume
____ Jell-O
____ carbon dioxide
____ helium
____ salt
____ hot chocolate with marshmallows
____ tap water
____ diamond
____ sand (SiO2)
____ calcium
____ smog
____can be separated by evaporation
____ found on the periodic table
____ uniform distribution of particles throughout
____ made up of one kind of atom
____ spring water
32. Complete the following sentences using the correct separation technique term.
filtration
crystallization (evaporation)
chromatography
distillation
a. Heterogeneous mixtures are often separated by ________________________________.
b. Separating sand from water can be done by ___________________________________.
c. The sugar in sugar water can be removed by __________________________________.
d. The technique that takes advantage of different boiling points is __________________.
e. Removing chlorophyll pigment from leaves might be done by ____________________.
f. Crude oil is broken down by heat, vaporized, and allowed to condense into various
liquids such as gasoline. This process is called ________________________________.
33. How could you separate a mixture of iron filings and aluminum filings? What property of
these metals would allow such a separation?
34. How could you separate a mixture of alcohol, water, oil, and sand?
Periodic Table
35. Write the correct symbol for each of the following elements.
Name
Symbol
Name
Hydrogen
Mercury
Helium
Boron
Lithium
Aluminum
Sodium
Carbon
Potassium
Silicon
Beryllium
Tin
Magnesium
Lead
Calcium
Nitrogen
Strontium
Phosphorus
Barium
Arsenic
Chromium
Antimony
Tungsten
Oxygen
Manganese
Sulfur
Iron
Fluorine
Nickel
Chlorine
Palladium
Bromine
Platinum
Iodine
Copper
Neon
Silver
Argon
Gold
Krypton
Zinc
Xenon
Cadmium
Radon
Symbol