MANAJEMEN STRATEGI
dan
KINERJA BISNIS
FO312
Chapter 4
PENYUSUNAN STRATEGI
(CONTINUED)
Tugas Ahli Strategi yang Efektif
1.
Suka bekerja keras
2.
Mempunyai wawasan yang luas dan analisis yang
menyeluruh (integrated)
3.
Berpikir jernih (objectif) dan melontarkan banyak
gagasan dalam pengambilan keputusan
Peran Konsultan Manajemen
Konsultan biasanya terlibat dalam merumuskan
strategi dan bagaimana mengimplementasikan
strategi perusahaan dan membantu dalam
merancang kerangka evaluasi dan pengendalian
strategi perusahaan agar nantinya dapat diketahui
efektifitas strategi perusahaan yang
diimplementasikan.
Social Responsibility
Broader responsibility:
Private corporation has responsibilities to society that
extend beyond making a profit.
4
Social Responsibility
Friedman’s Traditional View
“There is one and only one social responsibility of
business – to use its resources and engage in
activities designed to increase its profits…”
5
Social Responsibility
Carroll’s Four Responsibilities




Economic
Legal
Ethical
Discretionary
6
Responsibilities of Business
7
Social Responsibility
Benefits
Ben & Jerry’s
Maytag
Procter &
Gamble
Rubbermaid
•Environmental concerns may enable
the firm to charge premium prices and
gain brand loyalty
•Trustworthiness may help generate
enduring relationships with suppliers
and distributors without spending time
and money policing contracts
•Can attract outstanding employees
who prefer working for a responsible
firm
•More likely to attract capital from
investors who view reputable
companies as desirable
8
Reasons for Unethical Behavior
Moral Relativism

Morality is relative to some personal, social or
cultural standard and that there is no method
for deciding whether one decision is better
than another.
9
Social Responsibility
Kohlberg’s Levels of
Moral Development

Preconventional Level
– Concern for self

Conventional Level
– Consideration of laws and norms

Principled Level
– Adherence to internal moral code
10
Social Responsibility
Code of Ethics:
 Specifies how an organization expects its
employees to behave while on the job.
11
Social Responsibility
Ethics
The consensually accepted standards of behavior
for an occupation, trade, or profession
Morality
The precepts of personal behavior based on
religious or philosophical grounds
Law
Formal codes that permit or forbid certain
behaviors
12
Social Responsibility
Approaches to Ethical Behavior



Utilitarian
Actions and plans judged by consequences
Individual Rights
People have fundamental rights to be
respected in all decisions
Justice
Distribution of costs and benefits to be
equitable, fair, and impartial
13
Social Responsibility
Approaches to Ethical Behavior
Categorical imperatives
“golden rules”
Not restrict others behavior
14
Social Responsibility
Impact of the Internet
Issues –

Cybersquatting

Taxation

Public Interest
15