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Unit 9 The World War Era - WWI, Between the Wars 1919-1939, WWII
The Great War (1914-1918)
- Foundations of WWI - Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, Propaganda
- Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
- Serbian Nationalism
- Austria's Response
- The Domino Effect
- WWI has begun - The Alliances
- Attitude toward war - discuss
WWI: The Beginning
- The Western Front *
- Trench Warfare - significance
- new weapons
- Battle of Verdun (1916)
- bloody stalemate
- Eastern Front *
- Total War - discuss - propaganda
- role of women in WWI
WWI Around the World
- WWI expands globally, why?
- Japan's role in WWI - Expansion - 21 Demands
- Africa's role in WWI - colonies
- Battle of Gallipoli (1915)
- Lawrence of Arabia
The Russian Revolution (1917) **
- Decline of Tsarist Russia
- February Revolution - overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II
- Provisional Government - weakness - discuss
- Communist Revolution (Red Revolution, Bolshevik Revolution, October Revolution)
- V. Lenin (1870-1924)
- early life
- Bolshevik Party
- ideology and goals
- overthrow of the provisional gov't.
- October 24, 1917
- Treaty of Brest-Litvosk
- Russia w/draws from WWI
- 1st Communist State in history
- Conflict continues in Russia
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United States Enters WWI
- Isolationism *
- Economic Interests *
- Lusitania (1915)
- Zimmerman Note (1917)
- Declaration of War
- General J. Pershing - ideology
- U.S. turns the tide of Western Front
End of WWI
- Austria surrenders
- Germany pushed back
- Armistice signed (11/11/1918) *
- Treaty of Versailles **
- Negotiations
- Wilson's 14 points
- Stipulations
- Germany punished - reparations, military reductions, war guilt, loss of colonies
- Weimar Republic takes control of Germany
- New Map of Europe - new countries, etc. - discuss
- Ottoman Empire dissolved - Turkey (1922)
- League of Nations
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An Uneasy Peace - Age of Anxiety 1919-1939
- WWI impact on the world
- politics
- religion
- science - Freud - Einstein
- technology
- progress
The Rise of Fascism
- Fascism - define
Italian Fascism
- impact of WWI
- B. Mussolini (1883-1945)
- Black Shirts
- Rome -1922
- Mussolini takes power
- Fascist policies **
German Fascism
- Weimar Republic - weakness of the Weimar Republic
- A. Hitler (1889-1945)
- early life
- beliefs & goals
- Nazi Party - define *
- Beer Hall Putsch (1923)
- Mein Kampf
- Nazi party expands
- Elections of 1930's
- Hitler becomes Chancellor (1933)
The Global Depression
- U.S. - The Roaring Twenties
- Economic recovery in Europe
- U.S. Great Depression - causes
- Outbreak of Global Depression
- Economic decline across Europe
- U.S. attempts to reform - F. Roosevelt - J. Keynes - The New Deal
Communism in Russia
- Russian Civil War (1918-1920)
- Reds vs. Whites
- Nicholas II
- results & impact
- Creation of the Soviet Union - U.S.S.R (1922)
- Lenin's Communist policies
- New Economic Policy
- Rise of Josef Stalin (1879-1953)
- Five Year Plan
- Collectivization
- Great Purge
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Nazi Germany
- Third Reich
- Nazi Fascist policies
- Anti-Semitism
- SA
- SS
- Gestapo
- Aryan race
- Eugenics
- Kristallnacht (1938)
Fascism vs. Communism
- similarities
- differences
The Eastern Hemisphere during the 1930's
Imperial Japan
- rise of Japan - post WWI
- Global Depression
- militants take power
- Japanese Expansion
- Japan becomes enemies of the west
Indian Nationalism
- Growth of Indian Nationalism
- Indian National Congress
- Muslim League
- M. Gandhi (1869-1948)
- early life
- Passive Resistance *
- return to India
- Boycotting campaign
- India Act (1935)
Instability in China
- S. Yatsen (1866-1925)
- Revolution of 1911 *
- Chinese Nationalism
- Nationalist People's Party
- C. Kai-Shek (1887-1975)
- Nationalists vs. Communists
- Shanghai Massacre (1928)
- China becomes a Republic * - weaknesses
- Long March (1934)
- Rise of Mao Zedong - beliefs & goals
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The Foundations of WWII
- Japan - expansion - atrocities in China
- Italy - expansion - aid to Spain - F. Franco
- Germany - militarization - expansion - Appeasement policy - alliances
The Beginning of WWII
- September 1, 1939 *
- Declaration of war
- Blitzkrieg
- Nazis conquer Europe
- Battle of Britain (1940)
- W. Churchill (1874-1965) - discuss
- significance
- Hitler's mistake
- Operation Barbarossa (1941-1942)
- invasion plans
- force strength
- outcome - significance
U.S. During the Early Years of WWII
- Financial & Industrial Aid
- Lend-Lease Act
- U.S.-Japanese relations
- Bombing of Pearl Harbor - December 7, 1941
- Early Pacific Battles
- Bataan Death March (1942)
- Battle of Midway (1942)
Life on the Home Front
- Resistance Campaigns in Europe
- Japanese Internment in U.S.
- Propaganda Campaigns
- Rationing
- Total War realized
- Role of women - impact on U.S. culture
The Holocaust
- Intentionalists vs. Functionalists
- Creation of the Ghetto
- Concentration Camps
- Slave Labor
- "The Jewish Question"
- "The Final Solution" *
- Einsatzgruppen
- Death Camps - Auschwitz-Birkenau *
- Jewish Resistance
- Total Death & Destruction
- Impact of the Holocaust
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Defeat of Axis Powers
- Allied Industrial Strength
- Allied Military Strategy to defeat Axis Powers
- Allies move into Africa - Operation Torch
- Military Strategy
- Patton & Montgomery vs. Rommel
- results & impact
- Soviets defeat Nazi's in Eastern Europe
- Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943)
- Italian Campaign - Operation Avalanche
- Fall of Mussolini
- Italy w/draws
- Allies focus on Western Europe
- D-Day - June 6, 1944
- Battle of the Bulge (1944-1945)
- Battle of Berlin (1945)
- VE Day - May 8, 1945
Defeat of Imperial Japan
- Emperor Hirohito (1901-1989)
- Prime Minister Tojo (1884-1948)
- Battle of Midway (1942)
- Battle of Guadalcanal (1942)
- Island Hopping
- Japanese Military loses several leaders
- Death of President Roosevelt - President Truman takes power
- Battle of Iwo Jima (1945)
- Battle of Okinawa (1945)
- Kamikaze's
- Atomic Bombs - Manhattan Project - Truman's Decision
- August 6, 1945 - Hiroshima
- August 9, 1945 - Nagasaki
- VJ Day - August 14, 1945
Aftermath of WWII
- Total Death Count
- Europe Destroyed
- Nuremburg Trials - Tokyo Trials
- Germany Divided
- "Iron Curtain"
- Marshall Plan
- Truman Doctrine
- NATO - Warsaw Pact
- U.S. & Soviet Union are now the superpowers
- Cold War has begun ** - West vs. East - Communism vs. Democracy - U.S. vs. U.S.S.R