Do Now
• Record in your agenda: no HW due next
class 
• Please clear your table top in preparation for
our Revolutionary Vocabulary Quiz
• Questions #9 & #10 are “check up” questions– do
your best on them, but you won’t be penalized for
a “wrong” answer
• When you finish your quiz:
• Turn it in to Mrs. Green’s desk
• Then, open your notebook to your Road to
Revolution chart and Rights of Englishmen notes
• To the best of your ability, determine which
“Rights of Englishmen” are related to each Road
to Revolution event– fill in your chart
The Road to Revolution
continues
• Please turn to the next available page in
your notebook following your Road to
Revolution chart
• Please title that paper: The Road to the
American Revolution continues
F.O.A. (Bellwork)
In one sentence, tell me
who these guys are.
Colonists vs. Britain
Review
• What happened at the First Continental
Congress?
• What happened at the Second Continental
Congress?
• Which leader captured Fort Ticonderoga?
Questions
• What’s the name of the group that
supported the idea of separating from
Britain?
• What’s the name of the group that wanted
to stay with Britain?
• There’s a third group that wanted to stay
with Britain.
Reminder
• We have a quiz over Chapter 4, Sections 12 tomorrow.
• The material is on pages 112-121.
EQs
• What were the causes and consequences of
the Revolutionary War?
• What challenges did both the British and the
Americans face during the American
Revolution (physical, geography, etc.)
• What role did compromise play in the
creation of the United States Constitution?
Today
• Patriots vs. Loyalists
Patriots
•
Colonists that came from many
different backgrounds– wealthy
and not-so-wealthy
•
Patriots throughout the
colonies– but especially wellknown in New England
(Boston: John Adams, Samuel
Adams, etc.)
•
Also referred to as Whigs (for
the political party in England
that supported American
independence)
•
40-45% of colonial population
Loyalists
•
The greatest number of
Loyalists were found in the
Middle and Southern colonies
•
Loyalists were colonists who
had business trading with
England, or who had
government-appointed jobs
(like tax collectors, etc.), or
were members of the Anglican
Church (the Church of England)
•
They were also known as
Tories (after the English
political party that did not
support American
independence)
•
20-30% of colonial population
Neutralists
• Neutralist =
colonists who did
not favor either
the Patriots or the
Loyalists
• 20 – 40% of
colonial
population
Patriots vs. Loyalists
• Create a T-chart on your paper
• Label the left side:
Patriots
• Label the right side:
Loyalists
Patriot vs. Loyalist
Arguments
• Working with your partner, you will
need to analyze statements made
during Colonial times.
• You will need to decide if the statement
is a PATRIOT statement or a LOYALIST
statement.
• For each statement, record the
underlined portion in your T-chart.
Patriots vs. Loyalists: Who said it?
1. King George III is doing the best he can with a difficult situation. He is
not a cruel or unjust ruler.
2. No one should have to pay a tax unless they choose the
representative who helps determine that tax.
3. England has refused us our God-given rights.
4. Since England does not have the right to tax us, then they also do not
have the right to make other laws that affect us.
5. We should pay our fair share to England. We have wealth, religious
freedom, and opportunity for all. We are far better off than other
countries.
6. We need the protection that England can give us. They protected us in
the French and Indian war. They can also protect us in future
conflicts.
7. England and the colonies all have the same roots. A war against
England is like having a war against our own family.
8. Morally, we are better than England. We know the difference between
right and wrong. England's government is corrupt.
What’s next?
• Get out a sheet of paper
• Examine the handout
• Write me a paper in which you tell me
whether you’re a Patriot, Loyalist or
Neutralist. You must provide a minimum of
four reasons for your choice.
• The paper must be 1-2 pages.
• This counts as a grade.
• Each paper needs an intro, body,
conclusion.
If you finish
•
•
•
•
•
•
Raise your hand
I’ll bring you a sheet of big paper.
Fold the paper as I showed you.
You should have 16 squares.
On one side write a question.
On the other side, write the answer and
picture that corresponds with the answer.
• Use Chapter 4, Sections 1-2 (pages 112121) to get the information.
The Road to the Revolution continues
• Recall that the Intolerable Acts (1774)
included a new Quartering Act putting
hundreds more British troops in Boston
• Recall, too, that the First Continental
Congress (1774) told the colonies to get
their militias ready
• Both lead to the next Road to Revolution
event: The Battles of Lexington & Concord
Lexington & Concord
19 April 1775
• Loyalists tip off the British troops in Boston that
the Patriots are storing weapons about 20 miles
away in Concord
• Patriot spies figure out that the British troops are
going to make a surprise march to Concord to
seize the weapons
• So on the night of April 18th into the morning of
April 19th, 1775, Paul Revere makes his famous
“Midnight Ride”
• Midnight Ride poem
The Midnight Ride
• Important to keep in mind:
 Paul Revere was not the only Midnight Rider
 There were 2 others: William Dawes and Dr.
Samuel Prescott
 He probably didn’t say “The British are coming!”
because the colonists were British
 He probably said something like “The regulars are
coming!” or “The Redcoats are coming!”
Lexington and Concord are towns 15-20 miles WEST of Boston, Mass.
the Patriots had a weapons storehouse in Concord
• The Battles of Lexington and Concord
Lexington and Concord
19 April 1775
• British troops marched out of Boston towards
Lexington and Concord to seize the colonial
weapon supply stored there
• At Lexington, the British “won”
• But at Concord, the Colonists “won”
• Therefore, the first battle of the Revolution is
considered a “draw” or a tie
• The Colonists demonstrated that they were willing
to fight and die for rights they believed in
• Keep in mind: this is a full YEAR and 3 months
BEFORE the Declaration of Independence is
written!
The Shot Heard ‘Round the World
• No one knows who fired that first shot at
Lexington, MA on April 19th, 1775
• But it is clear that it was the first shot of the
American Revolution
• AND it was the first shot in a war that lead to
colonies overthrowing the Mother Country
• The American Revolution inspired other colonies
in the world to strive to do the same– and, thus,
that first shot at Lexington became known as “The
Shot Heard ‘Round the World”
• School House Rock: Shot Heard 'Round the
World
Do Now: January 13, 2012
• Sit at your assigned table.
• Copy agenda message: Study for the
Enlightenment Quiz next class.
• Meet with your Road to War team to make final
preparations and rehearse for your Historical
Newscast for the first 10 minutes of class.
• You’ll have independent study time today to work
on your National History Day project.
Do Now: January 13, 2012
•
•
•
•
Sit at your new seat.
Sharpen pencils before class begins, please.
No agenda message.
Write and respond to this prompt on the next clean
page in your notebook.
• What do you think were the most important steps
in the Road to the American Revolution? Identify
those steps and write a 4-5 sentence paragraph
explaining your reasoning.
Second Continental Congress
May 1775
•
• As a result of the Battles of
Lexington & Concord– another
meeting was called for all
colonies in Philadelphia
• Despite the battles, still not all
representatives at the meeting
favored independence
• The group decided to make
another effort at peace with
England by sending the Olive
Branch Petition
•
The Olive Branch Petition stated the
colonies’ loyalty to the King, BUT
asked the King to do 3 things:
1) stop fighting the people of
Boston
2) repeal the Intolerable Acts
3) guarantee/protect the
colonists’ Rights of Englishmen
The Second Continental Congress
then took a bold step: it authorized
the organization of the Continental
Army and named George Washington
of Virginia as the commander of the
army
The Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
•
•
•
•
•
actually fought on Breed’s Hill
just outside of Boston
The colonists overnight set up on
the hill overlooking Boston Harbor
The British were forced to attack
and fight their way uphill
The colonial militiamen were low
on ammunition so they were
ordered to hold fire until “you see
the white’s of their eyes”
It took 3 tries before the British
forced the Patriots to retreat– but
the win came at a steep price
•
The Battle of Bunker Hill was a British
victory– but the Patriots proved (once again)
that they were willing to fight against the
Redcoats
•
By March of 1776, General Washington
commanded 14,000 Patriot troops in Boston
and was able to force the British to retreat
from (leave) the city
Common Sense
January 1776
• The next Road to Revolution event: Common
Sense
• Written by Thomas Paine in January 1776 in
pamphlet format
• Within 3 months, 100,000 copies were circulating
in the colonies– it is THE thing to read and talk
about in the colonies
• Paine’s ultimate argument was that England
should no longer rule over the colonies: It was
common sense that the colonies break away from
England
Common Sense – What did it say?
“Britain is the parent country,
say some. Then the more shame
upon her conduct. Even brutes
do not devour their young, nor
savages make war upon their
families…”
Common Sense – What did it say?
“…[T]here is something absurd, in
supposing a continent to be
perpetually governed by an
island…”
Common Sense – What did it say?
“Nothing but Independence…
can keep the peace of the
continent…. A government
of our own right is a natural
right….”
Cover for Common Sense
• Needs to have the title: Common Sense
• Needs to have the author: Thomas Paine
• Needs to have the date published: January
1776
• Needs an illustration that represents the
message of the book– that it is common
sense to break away from England
Reaction to Common Sense
• Loyalist James Chalmers tries to negate Paine’s
argument with his own pamphlet: Plain Truth
• He argues it’s the plain truth that the colonies
belong to England and are better off because of it
• But this pamphlet is poorly written and doesn’t
become anywhere near as popular as Paine’s
Common Sense
• You need ½ a page for a t-chart
• Title the chart: John Trumbull’s painting
• Label the left side: Observations
• Label the right side: Inferences
• Observations are things that you see in the painting
• Inferences are what you think those things that you see
mean/ why they are there
Painter: John Trumbull
Date created: 1817
Current location: U.S. Capitol Rotunda in Washington, D.C.
January 17, 2011
• Congratulations, Waldo! You were the
most successful colony in the Discovery
Simulation! John’s Town, you were a close
second!
• Review your Enlightenment notes. Your
test will begin within 5 minutes of class
start time.
• Lunch will be at 12:55 today. Thanks for
your patience.
January 17, 2011
• Congratulations, Goshenators! You were
the most successful colony in the Discovery
Simulation! Franklintown, you were a
close second!
• Agenda message: American Revolution test
on first class next week. Study guide on
website.
• Turn to your John Trumbull painting tchart.
January 18, 2012
• Congratulations, Queens Dragon! You were the
most successful colony in the Discovery
simulation! Prangs~ you were a very close 2nd!
• Agenda message: American Revolution test on
first class next week. Study Guide G.O. on the
website.
• Take a study guide from the stool. Glue it into the
next clean page of your notebook.
• Turn to your John Trumbull painting t-chart.
• http://www.quiz-tree.com/Declaration-ofIndependence-Trumbull.html
Declaration of Independence
4 July 1776
• Written by the Second Continental Congress (who
was meeting in Philadelphia)
• 56 members of the Second Continental Congress–
select 5 men to write the DOI: John Adams (MA),
Benjamin Franklin (PA), Thomas Jefferson (VA),
Robert Livingston (NY), and Roger Sherman (CT)
• Ultimately, Thomas Jefferson will do most of the
writing of the DOI