State of Matter and Their Changes Study Guide
1. The four states of matter are: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
2. Understand the characteristics of a solid, liquid and gas.
Solids
Has a definite shape
Liquids
Has no definite shape
Gases
Has no definite shape
Has a definite volume
Has a definite volume
Has no definite volume
Molecule movement is
smallest
Molecule movement is
greatest
Has shape of its own
Takes shape of container
Takes shape of container
Strong bonds between
molecules
Weak bonds between
molecules
Virtually no bonds
between molecules
Has mass
Has mass
Has mass
Hard to deform
Spreads in direction of
gravity
Spreads in all directions
Does not expand
Does not expand
Expands
Takes up space
Takes up space
Takes up space
3. The states of matter are based on three things:
a. Particle arrangement
b. Energy of particles
c. Distance between particles
4. Matter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion.
5. If you add heat to matter, the atoms that make up the matter will begin to
move faster.
6. If you remove heat from matter, the atoms that make up the matter will
begin to move slower.
Description of Phase
Change
Solid to Liquid
Liquid to Solid
Liquid to Gas
Gas to Liquid
Solid to Gas
Term for Phase Change
Melting
Freezing
Vaporization
Condensation
Sublimation
Endothermic or
Exothermic
Endothermic
Exothermic
Endothermic
Exothermic
Endothermic
7. Know examples of phase changes.
8. Be able to define endothermic and exothermic energy changes.
9. Be able to identify if a substance is a solid, liquid, or a gas.
10. Matter is everything that has mass and volume.
11. The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid is the melting point.
12. The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas is the boiling point.
13. Viscosity is resistance of a liquid to flow.
14. Know what surface tension is and give an example.
15. Amorphous solids have no orderly arrangement of particles
16. Crystalline solids have an orderly arrangement of particles.
1. Matter is defined as anything that ______________________________.
2. Which of the following is NOT considered to be matter?
air
pens
car
Paper
floor
energy
3. Solids have a(n) ______________________ shape and a(n)
______________ volume.
4. Liquids have a(n) ____________________ shape and a(n)
______________ volume.
5. Gases have a(n) _____________________ shape and a(n)
_____________ volume.
6. In a _______________________ the particles slide past each other.
7. In a _______________________ the particles are free to move from
place to place.
8. In a _______________________ the particles vibrate.
9. A _________________________ expands the greatest amount when
heated.
10. During _______________________ a solid changes to a liquid.
11. During _______________________ a liquid changes to a gas.
12. During _______________________ a solid changes to a gas.
13. During _______________________ a gas changes to a solid
14. During _______________________ a gas changes to a liquid.
15. During _______________________ a liquid changes to a solid.
16. Using circles to represent particles, show how the particles are arranged in
each of the following:
Solid
Liquid
Gas