Chapter 4 Section 4
The Rise of Austria and Prussia
pp. 125-128
NAME_____________________
1] What empire by modern times was neither holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire? The Holy Roman
Empire
2] What were the ELECTORS? Princes that chose the Holy Roman Emperor
3-4] What was the Act of Defenestration of Prague, and what war did it start? 1618 Nobles threw
[literally] two royal officials out a castle window in Prague, started the 30 yrs war
5] Who was the King of Bohemia that tried to stop the revolt? Ferdinand
6] What did this ruler become in 1619? Holy Roman Emperor
7] With help from Spain and other Catholic countries he tried to roll back what? The Protestant
Reformation
8] Did this war remain a war over religion? If not what changed? NO it became a war for political
power
9] What is a MERCENARY? Soldier for hire, paid soldier, has no loyalty to a country just to those
who pay them the most…
10] What followed the Murder and torture of peasants? Famine and disease
11] What is DEPOPULATION? Reduction in population
12] About what percentage of people died in the H.R.E. as a result of this war? 1/3 of all citizens in
the Holy Roman Empire
13] What was the series of treaties called that ended the 30 years war? Peace of Westphalia
14-15] What country came out the biggest winner? What did they get? France, gained territory from
Spain and Prussia
16] Who were the big losers? The Hapsburg’s and their country Austria
17] What countries gained their independence? Netherland and the Swiss Federation
18] How many states was Germany divided up into? More than 360
19] What lands did the Hapsburgs add to Austria? Bohemia, Hungary, Poland, and Italy
20] What ethnic groups did Austria include by the 1700s? Germans, Maygars, Slavs, Serbs, Croats
most of a large diversity of ethnic groups in Southeast Europe
21] Who did Charles VI want to succeed him on the throne? His daughter Maria Theresa
22] What was the war that followed called? War of Austrian Succession
23] Who became the empress of Austria? Maria Theresa
24] What improvements did she make in Austria? Forced all to pay taxes, and reorganized the
government
25] How many children did Maria Theresa have? 16—11girls and 5boys [Emperors Joseph II and
Leopold the II, Queen of France Marie Antoinette]
26] While Austria was Catholic what Protestant state came about in the 1600s? Prussia
27] What family ruled this state? Hohenzollern’s
28] What were Junkers? Prussian Noble class
29] Who was the ruler that created one of the best-trained armies in Europe? Fredrick William I
30] Give some examples of how this ruler treated his son and heir to the throne? Trained him in the
art of war, badly treated because he liked the flue and poetry [he tried to flee], put in solitary
confinement and then at 18 forced to watch his friend get beheaded
31-32] Who was this son that became King in 1740, what did he later become known as? Fredrick II
or better known as Fredrick the GREAT
33] What two countries battled for control of the German states? Austria and Prussia
34] What two countries battled for control of an overseas empire? France and England
35] What was the war that lasted form 1756-1763 called? 7 Years War
34] Where did this war take place? Everywhere around the World [truly the 1st World War]
35] What was it known as in North America? The French and Indian War
36-37] What treaty ended this war, and who came out the winner? The Treaty of Paris and Great
Britain came out the biggest winner