Test Review: Classification, Bacteria, Viruses
Vocabulary words are important to know. Making flashcards and practice the definitions and the
terms! Also, don’t forget to study your notes, old quizzes and activities from class.
Chapter 18 – The Classification of Life
1. The science of grouping and naming organisms is ________________________.
2. A step-by-step way to identify an organism using a series of paired descriptions is called a
_________________________________.
3. Animals that are warm blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young are in a
class called ____________________.
4. The two-name naming system introduced by Linnaeus is called
__________________________.
5. Any level of organization in taxonomy is called a _____________________.
6. Name the taxons from the most general (kingdom) to the most specific (species).
Use Creating and Analyzing a Cladogram to answer questions 7-9.
7. What does the term phylogeny mean?
8. What does the term evolutionary classification mean?
9. What is a derived character?
10.In binomial nomenclature, what two taxons make up an organism’s scientific name?
a. _____________________ and b. ____________________
11.Which scientific name is written correctly?
a. Felis Concolor
c. Felis concolor
b. Felis concolor
d. Felis Concolor
12.Name the three domains and list the kingdoms that are in that domain?
a.
b.
c.
Study the characteristics of the organisms in each kingdom. Use your notes, the summary
handout and your poster to answer the following questions.
13. Which kingdom contains organisms that are multicellular, eukaryotic, and autotrophs?
_______________________ What carbohydrate is in their cell walls?_____________________
14.
Which kingdom contains organisms that are prokaryotes, unicellular, and live in extreme
environments? ___________________________
15.
Which kingdom contains organisms that are prokaryotes, unicellular, and like to
decompose dead matter? They also are used to process foods. __________________
16. Which kingdom contains organisms that are unicellular or multicellular, eukaryotes, mobile,
and some contain chloroplasts? ___________________________
17. Which kingdom contains organisms that are multicellular eukaryotes, mobile, and
heterotrophs? They do not have cell walls. __________________________
18. Which kingdom contains organisms that are multicellular eukaryotes, have cell walls with
chitin, and absorb their food? This kingdom includes yeast, mold, and mildew.
______________________
19.
Cells that do not have a membrane bound nucleus are _____________________.
20.
Cells that do have a membrane bound nucleus are ______________________.
21.
Organisms that make their own food are called _________________________.
22.
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must consume food are called
_____________________.
Know how to interpret a dichotomous key.
Chapter 19- Bacteria, Viruses, and Diseases caused by Bacteria and Viruses
23.
The outer protein coat of a virus is called a ___________________.
24.
A non-living parasite is called a ________________.
25.
What term describes a cell bursting in order to release the virus? ________________
26,
What do viruses need in order to reproduce? __________________
27.
Are viruses alive? _________ Explain: ________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
28.
One virus cycle occurs when a virus injects its DNA into a cell, multiplies and causes the
cell to burst. This releases many viruses and the cell dies very soon after infection. This is
called the ____________ cycle.
29.
A virus cycle where a virus injects its DNA into a cell, reproduces slowly, but does not
cause the cell to burst and die immediately is called the ___________________ cycle.
30.
Viruses cause disease by _____________________________________________.
31.
Define bacteriophage: _____________________________________________________
32.
An antibiotic that causes holes to form in the cell wall of bacteria so that it dies by
osmosis is called _________________.
33.
Bacteria are classified by their ____________________.
34.
Round bacteria are called _______________.
35.
Rod shaped bacteria are called ________________.
36.
Spiral shaped bacteria are called ____________________.
37.
A disease causing organism is called a ________________.
Bacteria Facts
Virus Facts
Basic Structure
(What are they made of?)
Size/shape
Lytic cycle-
How do they reproduce?
Living/non-living
Mode of Nutrition
(Autotroph/heterotroph)
What can you do to treat
or prevent a disease?
Diseases Caused
Lysogenic cycle-
38. List and explain the ways bacteria are useful?
39.
Label the bacteria cell shown below.
39.
Study the virus diagram shown below. Be able to recognize the flu and HIV virus also.
HIV Virus
CLADOGRAM ANALYSIS:What is a cladogram? It is a diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups. It is
based on PHYLOGENY, which is the study of evolutionary relationships. Sometimes a cladogram is called a phylogenetic tree
(though technically, there are minor differences between the two).
In the past, biologists would group organisms based solely on their physical appearance. Today, with the advances in genetics
and biochemistry, biologists can look more closely at individuals to discover their pattern of evolution, and group them
accordingly - this strategy is called EVOLUTIONARY CLASSIFICATION
CLADISTICS is form of analysis that looks at features of organisms that are considered "innovations", or newer features that
serve some kind of purpose. (Think about what the word "innovation" means in regular language.) These characteristics appear
in later organisms but not earlier ones and are called DERIVED CHARACTERS.
PART I - Analyze the Cladogram: Examine the sample cladogram, each letter on the diagram points to a derived character,
or something different (or newer) than what was seen in previous groups. Match the letter to its character. Note: this cladogram
was created for simplicity and understanding, it does not represent the established phylogeny for insects and their relatives.
1. ______ Wings
2. ______ 6 Legs
5. ______ Jumping Legs
3. ______ Segmented Body
4. ______ Double set of wings
6. ______ Crushing mouthparts 7. ______ Legs
8. ______ Curly Antennae
PART II - Create Your Own Cladogram
To make a cladogram, you must first look at the animals you are studying and establish characteristics that they share and
ones that are unique to each group. For the animals on the table, indicate whether the characteristic is present or not. Based
on that chart, create a cladogram like the one pictured above.
Cells
Slug
Catfis
h
Frog
Tiger
Huma
n
!
Back
bone
Legs
Hair
Opposable
Thumbs
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Diagram!1:!
!
!!!!!!!!!!!!! !
!
Diagram!2:!
!
!
1.!In!Diagram!1,!which!organism!has!limbs,!jaws,!a!segmented!
body,!is!multicellular,!and!is!eukaryotic?!___________________!
!
2.!!In!Diagram!1,!what!characteristics!does!a!sponge!possess?!
___________________________________________________!
!
___________________________________________________!
!
3.!!Using!Diagram!2,!what!characteristics!does!a!lungfish!possess?!
!
!
4.!!Using!Diagram!2,!which!organism!is!the!bird!most!closely!
related!to?!!
!!!
__________________!
!
!
!
!