Name: ________________________
Homeroom: _________________
Unit A, Chapter 1
Cells and Kingdoms
Study Guide
LESSON 2 – Classifying life
Pp. 34 – 35 How are organisms classified?
1. Classification is the science of ____organizing__________
categories for ___living______ ______things______.
2. A kingdom is the ____largest____ group into which an
____organism_________ can be ____classified________.
Scientists classify organisms into kingdoms by carefully
comparing the organism’s __cells___, _____tissues______,
organs, and ____organ systems________.
3. A species is a group of ____similar_______ organisms in a
genus that can _____reproduce______ more of their own kind.
Pp. 36 – 37 What are animals?
4. Name 4 things that make
the other kingdoms.
the animal kingdom different from
a. ___They are multicellular.___________________________
b. ___They do not make their own food.__________________
c. ___Their cells do not have a cell wall._________________
d. ___They are able to move from place to place.___________
Pp. 38 – 39 What are plants and fungi?
5. Name 3 things that make plants and fungi different from the
other kingdoms.
a. _____they have cell walls_________________________
b. _____they cannot move from place to place___________
c. _____they do not have true sense organs______________
6. Are plants multicellular? __yes_____
7. Vascular plants have tissues or tubes through which __food___
and ___water____ move.
8. Nonvascular plants contain no tissues or ____tubes_____
through which ____food____ and ___water____ move.
9. Fungi get energy by breaking down ___dead_____ or
__decaying______ plants and animals.
Pp. 40– 41 What are bacteria and protists?
10. Bacteria are ___unicellular______ and have no central
_____nucleus__________.
11. Are bacteria harmful or helpful? ___some are harmful, others
are helpful_____________________________________________
12. Name three ways organisms in the protist kingdom differ from
organisms in the bacteria kingdom?
a. ______Protists can be unicellular or multicellular._______
b. ______They are much larger than bacteria._____________
c. ______They have a central nucleus. __________________
P. 42 What are viruses?
13. Scientists do not consider viruses to be living things because
viruses do not carry out all of the __life__ __processes____.
The only life process viruses carry out is ____reproduction___.
LESSON 3 - plants
Pp. 48 – 49 How are plants classified?
14. A gymnosperm is a seed plant that does not produce
______flowers___________.
15. An angiosperm is a seed plant that produces __ flowers ____.
Pp. 50 – 51 What are roots?
16. What are the three functions of roots?
a. ___they anchor the plant to the ground_________________
b. ___they absorb water and minerals____________________
c. ___they store food and nutrients______________________
Pp. 52 – 53 What are stems?
17. What are the two functions of a plant’s stem?
a. ______they support the weight of the plant____________
b. ______they serve as the transport system for the plant___
18. Xylem are the ___tissues___ through which ___water____
and ___minerals______ move __up__ through the plant.
19. Phloem are the __tissues_____ through which __food___
from the _leaves___ moves throughout the rest of the plant.
Pp. 54 – 55 What are leaves?
20. What are the two functions of a plant’s leaves?
a. ___they perform photosynthesis______________________
b. ___they perform transpiration_______________________
21. Transpiration is the ____loss______ of _____water______
through a plant’s ____leaves__________.
Pp. 56 – 57 How are photosynthesis and respiration related?
22. Cellular respiration is the process in which ____energy____
is released from ____food_____ inside a ___cell_____.
LESSON 4 – classifying animals
Pp. 62 – 63 What are simple invertebrates
23. Asymmetrical organisms, such as sponges, cannot be
___divided___ into ____mirror______ images.
24. Cnidarians, such as jellyfish and coral, have radial symmetry,
which is a body plan in which all ___body______ ___parts___
of an organism are __arranged___ around a __central__
___point______.
25. Worms have bilateral symmetry, which is a body plan in
which an organism can be __divided_____ along only _one_
plane of its __body__ to produce two ___mirror_____
images.
26. What are the three main worm groups?
a. ___flatworms__________ b. ___roundworms________
c. ___segmented worms____
Pp. 64 – 65 What are complex invertebrates?
27. Give three examples of mollusks.
a. ___snails____________
b. ___clams____________
c. ___squid____________
28. Give three examples of echinoderms.
a. __sea stars___________
b. __sea urchins_________
c. __sea cucumbers_______
29. Give three examples of arthropods.
a. __spiders_____________
b.__crabs_______________
c. __insects_____________
Pp. 67 – 68
What are vertebrates?
30. Where do amphibians live? _part of their lives in the water
and part of their lives on land____________________________
31. Give two examples of amphibians.
a. __frogs_______________ b. __salamanders__________
32. Give three examples of reptiles. a. _lizards, snakes________
b. __turtles, alligators____
c. __crocodiles____________
33. What are three special features that make birds different from
other vertebrates?
a. __two legs and two wings_ b. __hollow bones __________
c. __feathers_____________
Pp. 68 – 69
What are mammals?
34. A monotreme is a __mammal________ that ____lays__
___eggs_______ (ex. _duckbilled platypus, spiny anteater)
36. A marsupial is a __mammal_______ in which the female has
a ____pouch______ where offspring ___develop_________
after birth. (ex. __koala, kangaroo)
37. A placental mammal is a __mammal_______ whose young
___develops___________ within the ____mother_______.
(ex. dog, cat, horse, monkey, etc.)