Liver
•
Histology of accessory organs:
Liver (hepa = liver; hepatic--of the
liver, hepatocyte, etc.)
•
Liver's organization is determined by
its main function of removing
unwanted materials from and
maintaining the composition of
blood.
•
1
Liver
•
Many functions
2
Liver
•
Falciform
ligament
Dark red-brown;
Liver
lobe
Gall
bladder
Liver
lobe
Inferior
vena cava
Liver
lobe
3
Liver
•
Lobules
In the shape of polygonal
(hexagonal) columns.
•
Centered on a branch of the
hepatic vein, the central vein.
Lobule:
•
•
Dense (interlobular) CT
4
Liver
•
Small central vein
•
Hepatic parenchyma
5
6
Liver
•
Hepatocytes
7
Liver
•
•
Hepatocytes
Granularity due to
8
Liver
Hepatocytes
•
•
Hepatic portal vein carries nutrients to
the hepatocytes from the small intestine
•
9
Liver
Sinusoidal endothelium
•
Space of Disse
•
10
11
Liver
•
Lipid droplet
Hepatic stellate cells
12
HSC
Liver
Bile canaliculi, tiny channels;
between adjacent hepatocytes of
the same cord (sheet).
•
•
Bile function
13
He
pat
te
ocy
Bile canaliculus
Sinusoid
14
Liver
Bile salts are polar steroids; two
roles:
•
•
1- Bile salts are emulsifiers
•
2- Triglycerides
15
Liver
Bile : contain waste molecule
derived porphyrin ring of heme
groups (and other hemeproteins).
•
Hepatocytes absorb bilirubin
from the blood
•
16
Liver
•
Biliverdin and bilirubin
•
Hepatocyte malfunction
•
17
Liver
Bile canaliculi drain into small bile
ducts; walls are simple cuboidal
epithelium
•
hepatic ducts
(from the liver)
cystic duct
common hepatic duct
gallbladder
bile
common bile duct
store
bile
pancreatic duct
hepatopancreatic duct
or ampulla
mixture
pancreas
duodenum
18
pancreatic
juice
Liver
Blood-flow paths within lobule:
Blood into the sinusoids at the lobule's
periphery, at six outer corners, from two
sources:
Hepatic
lobule
Bile duct
tributary
•
Hepatic portal
vein tributary
•
Hepatic artery
tributary
Portal
Triad
Central vein
to inf. vena cava
Surrounded by dense CT
•
19
Hepatic
lobule
Bile duct
tributary
Hepatic portal
vein tributary
Hepatic artery
tributary
Portal
Triad
Central vein
to inf. vena cava
20
Liver
Blood leaves the sinusoids via the
central vein; tributary of the
hepatic vein
•
21
Liver
•
Cirrhosis
http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/jpeg4/LIVER015.jpg
22
Gall bladder
•
hepatic ducts
Gall bladder
(from the liver)
cystic duct
common hepatic duct
gallbladder
bile
common bile duct
store
bile
pancreatic duct
hepatopancreatic duct
or ampulla
pancreatic
juice
pancreas
mixture
duodenum
23
Gall bladder
hepatic ducts
Arrival of fatty foods in the
duodenum
(from the liver)
•
cystic duct
common hepatic duct
gallbladder
bile
common bile duct
store
bile
pancreatic duct
hepatopancreatic duct
or ampulla
mixture
pancreas
duodenum
24
pancreatic
juice
Gall bladder
•
Mucosa;
•
.
Adaptation for greater surfacearea; absorption
•
25
Gall bladder
•
Pits and folds vary in orientation
26
Gall bladder
Submucosa: generally absent in
relatively small gall bladders.
•
•
Muscularis externa
27
Gall bladder
•
Between SMFs
•
Pattern of gallbladder SMT
•
28
Gall bladder
•
Tunica adventitia: present
29
Gall bladder
•
Cholecystitis
30