BI 200 - Exam #1A
Spring 2003
Name
Lab Section. Seat#
Disclaimer
Consider each question, and answer each in the appropriate format (e.g., multiple choice).
You may qualify your answer if you have reservations. If your comments have merit,
you may receive partial or full credit. Questions are 1 point each unless indicated.
Multiple choice - 2 points each.
1. Viruses that attack bacteria are known as
A) bacterial consumers.
B) bacteriophages.
C) microphages.
D) viroids.
2. The presence of membrane-enclosed organelles is a characteristic of
A) prokaryotic cells.
B) eukaryotic cells.
C) all cells.
D) viruses.
3. Which of the following are made up of prokaryotic cells?
A) bacteria and fungi
B) Archaea and fungi
C) protozoa and animals
D) bacteria and Archaea
4. Disease-causing prokaryotes are found exclusively among the
A) Archaea. B) bacteria. C) fungi.
D) viruses.
5. Organisms most likely to be found in extreme environments are
A) Archaea. B) bacteria. C) fungi.
D) viruses.
6. Which statement is true?
A) Yeasts are fungi while molds are algae.
B) Yeasts are bacteria while molds are fungi.
C) Both yeasts and molds are prokaryotes.
D) Both yeasts and molds are fungi.
7. Permanent changes in cellular characteristics are the result of
A) chemical signaling
B) reproductive initiative.
C) evolution.
D) none of the above
8. Catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called
A) catalytic converters.
B) growth agents.
C) evolutionary molecules.
D) enzymes.
BI 200 - Exam #1B
Spring 2003
Name
Lab Section. Seat#
Disclaimer
Consider each question, and answer each in the appropriate format (e.g., multiple choice).
You may qualify your answer if you have reservations. If your comments have merit,
you may receive partial or full credit. Questions are 1 point each unless indicated.
Multiple choice - 2 points each.
1. Viruses that attack bacteria are known as
A) bacterial consumers.
B) bacteriophages.
C) microphages.
D) viroids.
2. The lack of membrane-enclosed organelles is a characteristic of
A) prokaryotic cells.
B) eukaryotic cells.
C) all cells.
D) viruses.
3. Which of the following are made up of prokaryotic cells?
A) bacteria and Archaea
B) Archaea and fungi
C) protozoa and animals
D) bacteria and fungi
4. Disease-causing prokaryotes are found exclusively among the
A) Archaea. B) bacteria. C) fungi.
D) viruses.
5. Organisms most likely to be found in extreme environments are
A) Archaea. B) bacteria. C) fungi.
D) viruses.
6. Which statement is true?
A) Yeasts are fungi while molds are algae.
B) Yeasts are bacteria while molds are fungi.
C) Both yeasts and molds are prokaryotes.
D) Both yeasts and molds are fungi.
7. Permanent changes in cellular characteristics are the result of
A) chemical signaling
B) reproductive initiative.
C) evolution.
D) none of the above
8. Catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called
A) catalytic converters.
B) growth agents.
C) enzymes.
D) evolutionary molecules
9. Which of the following is / are characteristic of cellular organisms?
A) metabolism
B) reproduction
C) growth
D) all of the above
10. Chemolithotrophy involves the
A) oxidation of organic compounds.
B) oxidation of inorganic compounds.
C) reduction of organic compounds.
D) metabolic autotrophy.
11. Based on our present understanding, which statement is probably true?
A) Bacteria and Archaea diverged from a Eukarya ancestor.
B) Bacteria and Eukarya evolved from an Archaean ancestor.
C) Bacteria and Eukarya evolved from one line; Archaea had a totally different
ancestor.
D) Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya all diverged from a common universal
ancestor.
12. RNA polymerase is responsible for:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
translation
DNA replication
transcription
all of the above
none of the above
13. Koch’s most famous work was with
A) E. coli, Bacillus anthracis.
B) Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
C) Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
D) Bacillus subtilis, E. coli
14. A pure culture
A) is sterile.
B) has only one type of organism growing in or on it.
C) is made of a clearly defined chemical medium.
D) was cultured for a certified stock culture.
15. Hydrogen bonding is important in all of the following except:
A)
B)
C)
D)
secondary protein structure.
base pairing between DNA strands
membrane structure
none of the above - it is involved in each case
16. A covalent bond occurs when
A) atoms share electrons
B) oppositely charged ions are attracted to one another
C) similarly charged ions are attracted to one another
D) dipoles are attracted to one another
17. Lactose enters E. coli via
A)
B)
C)
D)
group translocation
the phosphotransferase system
a proton symporter called a permease
facilitated diffusion
18. The cell wall is
A) interior to the cytoplasmic membrane.
B) exterior to the cytoplasmic membrane.
C) a part of the cell membrane.
D) the same thing as the cytoplasmic membrane.
19. Which is not true about the peptide interbridge structures of peptidoglycan?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
formation is prevented by lysozyme
Gram positives like Staphylococcus aureus contain pentaglycine interbridges
meso-diaminopimelic acid is present
rare D-amino acids are present
none of the above, all are true.
20. Gram positive bacteria
A)
B)
C)
D)
have a thick cell wall that is exposed to the environment.
have a thick cell wall that is covered by the outer membrane
have cell walls that contain the pyrogen lipopolysaccharide
have cell walls that are flexible but excellent chemical barriers
Match the scientist with their contribution to Microbiology. 9 points
_____ Koch
A. Emphasized hygiene to control
contagions
_____ Pasteur
B. Isolated many soil and aquatic
microorganisms.
_____Lister
C. Study of hot springs bacteria led to
DNA fingerprinting (PCR)
_____ Woese
D. Led the sequencing of the human
genome
_____ Beijerinck
E. Organic chemist who studied
fermentation and food spoilage
_____Winogradsky
F. First to make detailed observation of
microbes
_____ Brock
G. Developed the concept of lithotrophy
_____ van Leuuwenhoek
H. Developed pure culture technique
_____ Venter
I. Discovery of archaea
Match the scientist with their contribution to Microbiology. 9 points
_____ Koch
A. Developed pure culture technique
_____ Pasteur
B. Isolated many soil and aquatic
microorganisms.
_____Lister
C. Study of hot springs bacteria led to
DNA fingerprinting (PCR)
_____ Woese
D. Emphasized hygiene to control
contagions
_____ Beijerinck
E. Organic chemist who studied
fermentation and food spoilage
_____Winogradsky
F. First to make detailed observation of
microbes
_____ Brock
G. Developed the concept of lithotrophy
_____ van Leuuwenhoek
H. Led the sequencing of the human
genome
_____ Venter
I. Discovery of archaea
Complete the following narrative by circling the appropriate term in each parenthesis so
that each sentence is accurate.
The cell or cytoplasmic membrane is a semi-permeable membrane composed of
phospholipids. It is a(n) (excellent, poor) chemical barrier that is (flexible, rigid).
Molecules that pass through are relatively (small, large) and are (non-polar, polar,
ionic). (Diffusion, transport) is the movement of molecules from high concentration to
low concentration and this (does, does not) require the expenditure of energy. Osmosis
is defined as the movement of (any molecule, water) across a semi-permeable
membrane from an area of (high, low) concentration to (high, low) concentration.
Sometimes a protein gate is required to allow entry of a molecule such as (maltose,
glucose, glycerol) by the process of (passive, facilitated) diffusion. Sources of energy
for transport include (sunlight, glucose, ATP), (H+, ΔG, F=ma), or phosphoenol
pyruvate. When a molecule is chemically modified as it enters this is known as (uniport,
group translocation, ABC transport) and (maltose, glucose, glycerol) is an example of
such a solute that enters in this way.
What are the four steps or tests a microbe must pass in order for it to be shown to cause a
disease? (What are Koch’s postulates?) 4 points
1.
2.
3.
4.
Draw the dehydration reaction between two amino acids. First draw each amino acid and
indicate the carboxyl group and the amine group on one of them. Indicate the variable
part of each amino acid with R1 for the first amino acid, and R2 for the second. Then
draw the resulting dipeptide and indicate the peptide bond. What molecules are removed
(what is the other product of the reaction) and what word is used to describe this type of
reaction? 6 points
Fill in the blank/Short answer/Circle the correct word. 2 points each
What is the size range of viruses in m?
Name the three types of cellular organisms that arose from the universal ancestor or
progenote?
Who discovered lysozyme and penicillin?
Draw the structure of water and indicate the + and - regions.
Which amino acid forms disulfide bridges?
Give the name of the cell wall material in fungi, the name of the monomer it is composed
of, and the designation of the bonding arrangement.
In archaea the hydrophobic portion of the lipids are branched molecules called (sterols,
phytanyls), which are made of (sterol, isoprene) subunits.
Eukaryotic cells have (linear, circular) chromosomes that are composed of (singlestranded, double-stranded) DNA.
How many base pairs in the E. coli chromosome?
Fill in the blank/Short answer/Circle the correct word. 2 points each
What is the size range of viruses in m?
Name the three types of cellular organisms that arose from the universal ancestor or
progenote?
Who discovered lysozyme and penicillin?
Draw the structure of water and indicate the + and - regions.
Which amino acid forms disulfide bridges?
Give the name of the cell wall material in algae, the name of the monomer it is composed
of, and the designation of the bonding arrangement.
In archaea the hydrophobic portion of the lipids are branched molecules called (sterols,
phytanyls), which are made of (sterol, isoprene) subunits.
Prokaryotic cells have (linear, circular) chromosomes that are composed of (singlestranded, double-stranded) DNA.
How many genes in the E. coli chromosome?