Life Science Test Study Guide
1. What is a cell?
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things.
2. What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms? Give examples of each.
Unicellular – made up of one cell
Examples: Bacteria, Amoebas, Paramecium
Multicellular- made up of many cells
Examples: Humans, Plants, Animals
3. Describe a prokaryotic cell.
They do not have a nucleus, and their DNA is scattered randomly throughout the cell.
They don’t contain as many organelles as eukaryotic cells. They contain cytoplasm, a cell
membrane, and ribosomes.
They are less complicated and smaller that eukaryotes.
All Bacteria and Achaea are prokaryotes.
4. Describe a eukaryotic cell.
They have a nucleus where DNA of the cell is stored.
They have many organelles that work together to help the cell function.
Eukaryotic cells are much more complex than prokaryotic cells.
They can be just one cell or can make up more complex multicellular organisms.
All plants, animals, humans, fungi, and protists are composed of eukaryotic cells.
5. Give examples of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes: Bacteria, Archaea
Eukaryotes: Animals, Fungi, Protists, Plants, Humans
6. An organism lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles would be called what? Prokaryote
7. What is the broadest classification in taxonomy? Domain
8. Name all 3 Domains and characteristics of each.
Eukarya: have a nucleus (eukaryotic), most are multicellular, can be autotropic or heterotrophic
Archaea: don’t have a nucleus (prokaryotic), live in extreme habitats, reproduce asexually, unicellular
Bacteria: don’t have a nucleus (prokaryotic), can be found anywhere, reproduce asexually, unicellular
9. Name all 6 kingdoms. Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya, Protista, Animalia, Fungi, and Plantae
10. Define abiotic and biotic factors? Abiotic-nonliving things
Biotic- living things
11. Give 5 examples of abiotic factors. Give 5 examples of biotic factors.
Biotic: Trees, Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists
Abiotic: Air, Temperature, Water, Sunlight, Soil, Rocks
12. What is the difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph? Give examples of each.
Autotroph: organisms that make their own food or producers
Examples: Algea, Plants, Trees, Shrubs
Heterotroph: organisms that feed off of or consume other things for energy
Examples: Humans, Animals, Most Bacteria, and Fungi
13. What is the primary source of energy in an ecosystem? Sunlight
14. What is the formula for speed? S = D/T
15. What is the purpose of gravity in our solar system? Governs the motion of all objects in our solar system.