4.01 VOCABULARY
COMPETENCY:
4.00 Explain merchandise information used in fashion
merchandising.
OBJECTIVE:
4.01 Identify basic textile fibers, fabrics, and their
characteristics.
STUDENTS HAVE A CHOICE OF:
1. CREATING VOCABULARY INDEX CARDS FOR REGULAR POINTS (30):
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TERM & NUMBER ON FRONT
DEFINITION ON BACK
IN NUMERICAL ORDER WHEN TURNED IN
STUDENT NAME ON FIRST CARD
OR
2. CREATING A WORD PUZZLE (30 REGULAR POINTS + 100 BONUS POINTS):
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CLUES ARE THE DEFINITIONS
TERMS ARE THE ANSWERS
BE SURE ALL VOCABULARY TERMS ARE INCLUDED.
MUST TURN IN A BLANK PUZZLE
MUST TURN IN A KEY
NAME ON TOP OF KEY
1. Bias: The diagonal grain of a fabric.
2. Bleaching: Chemical processes that remove color impurities, or spots from fibers.
3. Blend: A combination of two or more fibers that maximizes the best features of each fiber.
4. CAD (Computer Aided Design): Computer system software used for designing textiles,
fashion, apparel, and other products.
5. Cellulosic fibers: Fibers derived from plants.
6. Chemical finishes: Finishes that become part of the fabric through chemical reactions with the
fibers.
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7. Cotton: The soft, white, downy fiber (boll) attached to the seed of a cotton plant.
8. Denier: Thickness or diameter of a fiber.
9. Dyeing: A method of giving color to a fiber, yarn, fabric, or garment.
10. Fabric finishing: Applying colors, designs, or surface treatments that change the look, feel, or
performance of fabrics.
11. Fabric: Any material that is made by weaving, knitting, braiding, knotting, laminating, felting, or
chemical bonding.
12. Fiber: The smallest unit in a textile fabric.
13. Filament fibers: Long, continuous fibers of high quality.
14. Finishes: Treatments applied chemically or mechanically to a fabric, yarn, or fiber to change its
appearance, performance, or feel.
15. Flax: The fiber that comes from the stem of a flax plant.
16. Fur: The soft, hairy coat of an animal.
17. Gauge: The number of stitches, or loops, per inch in a knitted fabric.
18. Grain: The direction of the lengthwise and crosswise yarns or threads in a woven fabric.
19. Hand: The way a fabric feels to the touch.
20. Knitting: Constructing fabric by looping yarns together.
21. Leather: A tough, flexible material made by preserving animal hides through a process called
tanning.
22. Manufactured fibers: Fibers that are man-made (synthetic) and begin as thick liquids.
23. Mechanical finishes: Finishes that are applied mechanically rather than chemically.
24. Microfibers: Ultra fine, soft, luxurious fibers possessing the same desirable qualities as
expensive natural fibers but costing less and requiring less special care.
25. Natural fibers: Fibers from plants or animal sources.
26. Plain weave: The simplest weave in which the weft (crosswise) yarn is passed over then under
each warp (lengthwise) yarn.
27. Printing: The process of adding color, pattern, or design to the surface of fabrics.
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28. Protein fibers: Fibers derived from animals or insects.
29. Satin weave: A weave that produces a smooth, shiny-surfaced fabric resulting from passing the
weft yarn over and under numerous warp yarns to create long floats.
30. Silk: The fine, lustrous fiber that comes from a cocoon spun by a silkworm.
31. Staple fibers: Lower quality, short fibers.
32. Suede: Leather with a napped surface on the flesh side.
33. Twill weave: A weave in which the weft yarn is passed over and under one, two, or three warp
yarns beginning one warp yarn back on each new row.
34. Warp knits: Knits made with several yarns creating loops that interlock in the lengthwise
direction.
35. Warp yarns: Yarns that run lengthwise in woven fabric.
36. Weaving: The process of interlacing one or more sets of yarns at right angles on a loom.
37. Weft knits: Knits made with only one yarn that runs crosswise forming a horizontal row of
interlocking loops.
38. Weft yarns: Yarns that run crosswise in woven fabric.
39. Wicking: A fiber’s ability to draw moisture away from the body.
40. Wool: The fiber that forms the coat of sheep.
41. Yarn: A group of fibers twisted together to form a continuous strand.
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