4.01 VOCABULARY COMPETENCY: 4.00 Explain merchandise information used in fashion merchandising. OBJECTIVE: 4.01 Identify basic textile fibers, fabrics, and their characteristics. STUDENTS HAVE A CHOICE OF: 1. CREATING VOCABULARY INDEX CARDS FOR REGULAR POINTS (30): TERM & NUMBER ON FRONT DEFINITION ON BACK IN NUMERICAL ORDER WHEN TURNED IN STUDENT NAME ON FIRST CARD OR 2. CREATING A WORD PUZZLE (30 REGULAR POINTS + 100 BONUS POINTS): CLUES ARE THE DEFINITIONS TERMS ARE THE ANSWERS BE SURE ALL VOCABULARY TERMS ARE INCLUDED. MUST TURN IN A BLANK PUZZLE MUST TURN IN A KEY NAME ON TOP OF KEY 1. Bias: The diagonal grain of a fabric. 2. Bleaching: Chemical processes that remove color impurities, or spots from fibers. 3. Blend: A combination of two or more fibers that maximizes the best features of each fiber. 4. CAD (Computer Aided Design): Computer system software used for designing textiles, fashion, apparel, and other products. 5. Cellulosic fibers: Fibers derived from plants. 6. Chemical finishes: Finishes that become part of the fabric through chemical reactions with the fibers. Fashion Merchandising D-10 7. Cotton: The soft, white, downy fiber (boll) attached to the seed of a cotton plant. 8. Denier: Thickness or diameter of a fiber. 9. Dyeing: A method of giving color to a fiber, yarn, fabric, or garment. 10. Fabric finishing: Applying colors, designs, or surface treatments that change the look, feel, or performance of fabrics. 11. Fabric: Any material that is made by weaving, knitting, braiding, knotting, laminating, felting, or chemical bonding. 12. Fiber: The smallest unit in a textile fabric. 13. Filament fibers: Long, continuous fibers of high quality. 14. Finishes: Treatments applied chemically or mechanically to a fabric, yarn, or fiber to change its appearance, performance, or feel. 15. Flax: The fiber that comes from the stem of a flax plant. 16. Fur: The soft, hairy coat of an animal. 17. Gauge: The number of stitches, or loops, per inch in a knitted fabric. 18. Grain: The direction of the lengthwise and crosswise yarns or threads in a woven fabric. 19. Hand: The way a fabric feels to the touch. 20. Knitting: Constructing fabric by looping yarns together. 21. Leather: A tough, flexible material made by preserving animal hides through a process called tanning. 22. Manufactured fibers: Fibers that are man-made (synthetic) and begin as thick liquids. 23. Mechanical finishes: Finishes that are applied mechanically rather than chemically. 24. Microfibers: Ultra fine, soft, luxurious fibers possessing the same desirable qualities as expensive natural fibers but costing less and requiring less special care. 25. Natural fibers: Fibers from plants or animal sources. 26. Plain weave: The simplest weave in which the weft (crosswise) yarn is passed over then under each warp (lengthwise) yarn. 27. Printing: The process of adding color, pattern, or design to the surface of fabrics. Fashion Merchandising D-11 28. Protein fibers: Fibers derived from animals or insects. 29. Satin weave: A weave that produces a smooth, shiny-surfaced fabric resulting from passing the weft yarn over and under numerous warp yarns to create long floats. 30. Silk: The fine, lustrous fiber that comes from a cocoon spun by a silkworm. 31. Staple fibers: Lower quality, short fibers. 32. Suede: Leather with a napped surface on the flesh side. 33. Twill weave: A weave in which the weft yarn is passed over and under one, two, or three warp yarns beginning one warp yarn back on each new row. 34. Warp knits: Knits made with several yarns creating loops that interlock in the lengthwise direction. 35. Warp yarns: Yarns that run lengthwise in woven fabric. 36. Weaving: The process of interlacing one or more sets of yarns at right angles on a loom. 37. Weft knits: Knits made with only one yarn that runs crosswise forming a horizontal row of interlocking loops. 38. Weft yarns: Yarns that run crosswise in woven fabric. 39. Wicking: A fiber’s ability to draw moisture away from the body. 40. Wool: The fiber that forms the coat of sheep. 41. Yarn: A group of fibers twisted together to form a continuous strand. Fashion Merchandising D-12