DNA/Genetics Test Review – Biology
1. DNA & RNA
1. Important Vocabulary: Anticodon, Codon, mRNA, Mutation, Replication, rRNA,
tRNA, Transcription, Translation
2. What is DNA?
a. What is its function?
b. What does it look like?
c. What is it made of?
3. What is the Base Pairing Rule?
a. What are the four bases?
b. Which bases go together?
4. What is Replication?
a. How does it work?
5. What is RNA?
a. What are the 3 types?
b. What is the function of each type?
c. What is it made of?
d. Which nucleotide is specific to RNA?
6. What is Transcription?
a. Simulate Transcription
7. What is Translation?
a. How does a DNA molecule code for protein?
b. How do you decode a codon into an amino acid?
c. How many different codons are there?
d. How many different amino acids are there?
Genetics
Important Vocabulary: Allele, Diploid, Gamete, Gene, Genotype, Haploid,
Heterozygous, Homozygous, Phenotype, Trait
1. What is mitosis?
a. What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
b. How many chromosomes are in each cell?
c. Diploid or Haploid?
2. What is meiosis?
a. How many cells are made? What type of cells are they?
b. How many chromosomes are in each cell?
c. Are these cells the same or different?
d. Diploid or Haploid?
e. What is Crossing Over?
f. How does meiosis result in genetic variation?
3. What are the differences between Diploid and Haploid?
a. How many chromosomes do they have?
b. What do the symbols “2N” and “N” mean?
c.
4. What are genes?
a. What are alleles?
b. How does a gene become a trait?
c. What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
5. What is mutation?
a. What are the 2 main types of mutation?
i. What are the 2 types of gene mutation? Give examples of each.
ii. What are the 4 types of chromosomal mutation?
6. How do you use a Punnett Square to find the genes of offspring?
a. Practice 4 different examples of combining different homozygous and
heterozygous parents for different traits
7. What are the different patterns of inheritance?
a. What is the rule of dominance?
i. Homozygous
1. Dominant
2. Recessive
ii. Heterozygous
b. What is co-dominance?