Mixtures and Solution Notes
1. _______________ is anything that takes up space (or has volume) and has
mass.
 Mass is the amount of ____________ in an object. It can only be
changed when you _____________________________ matter, not when
the object is ______________ from place to place.
 We measure mass in _____________________________________.
 Matter is made up of particles _____________ to be seen (________).
2. Matter comes from the Latin word mater which means ____________. So,
matter is the mother of all things.
3. Property- an object’s characteristics or _____________. It is something that
can be ______________________ about an object.
 Matter can have __________________ or chemical properties.
 Physical properties are those that ____________ change the nature of
the matter. For example, describing something’s color, _______,
texture, _________, sound ; magnetism; ______________, float/sink
 Chemical changes are those where the nature of the matter actually
_______________, and a _____________ substance with new
properties is created. For example, ____________.
4. Matter can be classified in different ways:
 By its _______________
 Whether it is a substance or a _______________________
 The three states of matter are:
Definite shape
No definite shape- takes
the shape of the
container it is in
Definite volume
Definite volume
Particles are tightly
Particles are close but
packed together and only less tightly packed
vibrate.
together (they flow)
Particles stay in the
Particles can slide past
same place
one another and change
places
No definite shape or
volume- they take the
shape and volume of the
container
Particles are the most
spread apart
Particles move past each
other very easily
5. How to find the volume for:
 Solids: _______________ (for rectangular items) or water
displacement (for irregular items)
 Liquids: pour liquid in a graduated __________________ or syringe
 Gases: in a graduated _______________
6. A substance is a kind of matter that is made up of only _______________ of
matter. You will talk more about these in middle school, but examples
include elements and compounds.
7. Mixtures are made up of ______________________ different substances
that _____________ change their identities when mixed. The different
substances remain the ____________ even when close together.
 Each substance keeps its _____________________________ and
can be easily separated by ____________________ means
 Examples of physical means include ________________________,
filtration, _____________, magnetic attraction, floatation, and
chromatography.
 Examples of mixtures include
______________________________________________________.
8. Evaporation: used to separate a ________ that was dissolved in a
__________. The liquid is heated until it turns to a gas, leaving the
__________ behind.
 If you drop kool aid on the kitchen floor and don’t wipe it up, what
happens? The water eventually disappears, but the sticky kool aid
mixture remains.
9. Filtration: used to separate ____________ particles from a ___________ by
pouring the mixture through a ___________________________ in a funnel.
The filter ________ the solid particles and lets the water pass through.
 Examples: ___________________________, strainers/colanders in
your kitchen
10.
Sifting: used to separate ____________________ solid particles from
_____________ solid particles. The mixture is put into a container with
various sized ______________, is shaken, and then the smaller particles go
through the screen and leave the larger particles in the container.
11.
Magnetic attraction: used to separate _____________________
material from a mixture of other substances.
[Did you know that a “cow magnet” is given to a cow to swallow? It stays in the
cow’s first stomach to keep magnetic materials like wire and other hurtful
materials from going into the rest of its digestive system.]
12.
Floatation: used to separate solids, which _______________, from
remaining liquids in a mixture. When the liquid is stirred, the solids can be
___________________ off the surface.
13.
Chromatography: used to separate and analyze _______________ in
a solution. A small amount of ____________________ is placed on a piece
of filter paper, which is then placed in a solvent (usually ___________).
 The solutes that dissolve _________________ will travel farther ___
the filter paper. Those that do not dissolve easily will not travel very
far.
 With this method, chemicals in _____________________________
can be separated and analyzed
14.




There are several types of mixtures:
Solid-solid: ____________________________________________
Solid-liquid: salt water, sugar water, ____________, cereal and milk
Liquid-liquid: milk and syrup, oil and water, water and
_______________________
Gas-liquid: ______________
15.
Under certain conditions, substances can ___________________
combine when mixed, and then the _______ substance formed can’t be
easily _________________________ into its original parts.
 For safety reasons, _____________ combine cleaning materials. A
new substance can be formed which can be harmful to
________________ and to touch.
16.
A solution is a _________________________ of mixture in which the
particles are evenly spread out. They ________________ together.
 The particles are so small that they can’t be ____________.
 Solutions can be separated, but not as ____________ as most
mixtures.
 Can be made with ______________________________________.
17.
Solutions have two (2) main parts:
 __________________- the material in the _________________
amount. It is what something gets dissolved IN and is usually a
______________. The universal (or _____________________)
solvent is water or __________.
 Solute- the material in the _________________ amount. It is what
____________ dissolved in the solvent, and is usually a __________
(but can be a liquid or gas).
18.
Examples of solutions include _____________________________,
broth, coffee, ________________________________, bleach, vinegar.
19.
All solutions are ___________________, but not all mixtures are
_______________________. Think about it this way: all beagles are dogs,
but not all dogs are beagles. A beagle is one type of dog, just like a solution
is one type of mixture.
20.
Liquid solutions are usually ______________________ or clear.
However, they can be colored or colorless.
21.
Solubility: the ability to be _________________. Some substances
are easier to dissolve than others.
22.
Factors that may affect the rate or speed the solute dissolves:
 Particle size or surface area: _______________ size will usually
dissolve _______________. Think about this: would a sugar cube or
a sugar packet of loose sugar dissolve easier in water? The packet
because the pieces are smaller that the compacted cube. We can
_____________ a substance to make it smaller.
 Stirring or ____________________ the solute in the solvent
 Temperature changes: when _____________ is increased, more
solute will dissolve faster
23.
Concentrated or concentration: when the solute is
_________________ than the solvent, it can’t completely dissolve. The
solute that does not dissolve will be ______________________________.
24.
Dilute or dilution: to ______________ the strength of a solutions by
__________________ it with more liquid or more _________________.
Some cleaning supplies can be ___________________ with water to
weaken their strength. If your tea or lemonade is too sweet, you can dilute it
with water.
25. _____________________ or harmful substances in our environment result
from the ___________________________________ of foreign substances
in water, air, and soil. They are often created as a result of industry,
agriculture, burning ________________________, and other human
activities.