Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds
Date:____________
Section 4: Naming Molecular Compounds and Acids - Notes
Objectives:
 Name molecular compounds.
 Name binary acids.
 Name oxyacids containing an oxyanion ending in -ate.
 Name oxyacids containing an oxyanion ending in -ite.
Naming Molecular Compounds:
 Remember, nearly all molecular compounds form from two or more ______________________.

Binary (two-element) molecular compound names have the following form:
+

When writing the name of a molecular compound the first element is the more
__________________________ one


The prefixes given to each element indicate the number of specific atoms present
o
mono
o
hexa
o
di
o
hepta
o
tri
o
octa
o
tetra
o
nona
o
penta
o
deca
If there is only _________ atom of the first element, the prefix mono- is normally omitted.
o
CO2


The full name is ________________________________.
When the prefix ends with a vowel and the base name starts with a vowel, the _____________
___________________ is sometimes dropped.
o
Vowel is dropped in _______________________ but not in dioxide or triiodide.
o
N2O

The entire name is ________________________________________________.


Practice: Name the following compounds:
o
CCl4
o
SF6
o
BCl3
o
N2O4
Practice: Write the formulas for each compound:
o
disulfur tetrafluoride
o
phosphorus pentafluoride
o
xenon hexafluoride
Naming Acids:

The first step in naming an acid compound is identifying it as _______________________.

Acids are molecular compounds that form ___________ ions when dissolved in water.
o

Acids will always be _________________________ (______)
They are composed of _______________________________, usually written first in their
formula, and one or more ____________________________________, written second.


We can categorize acids into two groups:
o
___________________________: those containing only hydrogen and a nonmetal
o
___________________________: those containing hydrogen, a nonmetal, and oxygen
Binary acids are composed of hydrogen and a nonmetal. The names for binary acids have the
following form:
+

HCl(aq)

HCl(g)
o

HBr(aq)
refers to __________________________________________ molecules in the gas phase,
and not to the acid.

Practice: Name the following compounds:
o

o
HF(aq)
o
hydrofluoric acid
Practice: Write the formula of each compound:
o

H2S(aq)
hydroiodic acid
Oxyacids are acids that contain oxyanions, which can be found in the table of polyatomic ions.
o
These acids are a combination of one or more H+ ions with _______________________.
o
The number of H+ ions depends on the charge of the oxyanion, so that the formula is
always ____________________________________.

The names of acids containing oxyanions ending with -ite take this form:
+
o

H2SO3(aq) contains the __________________ (_________) ion
The names of acids containing oxyanions ending with -ate take this form:
+
o

Practice: Name the following compounds:
o

HNO3(aq) contains the __________________ (_________) ion
HC2H3O2(aq)
o
HNO2(aq)
Practice: Write the formula for each compound:
o
Nitric acid
o
Hypochlorous acid
o
Nitrous acid
o
Perbromic acid
Practice: Name the following compounds:

CO(g)

HF(aq)

HClO4(aq)

CaF2(aq)

Fe(NO3)3(s)

H2SO3(aq)