Bacon's Rebellion
an unsuccessful uprising by frontiersmen in
Virginia in 1676, led by Nathaniel Bacon
against the colonial government in
Jamestown.
Anne Hutchinson
Halfway Covenant
a form of church membership among the
Congregational churches of New England allowed
by decisions in 1657 and 1662 and permitting
baptized persons of moral life and orthodox faith
to enjoy privileges of full membership except the
partaking of the Lord's Supper
Jamestown
A woman who interpreted the bible to a
First English colony in America to survive and
large group of other women, but was
become permanent. It was settled in 1607 and
banished for this-since women were
supported itself through tobacco farming. It
supposed to be silent and weren't allowed was later the capital of Virginia and the site of
to interpret the bible
the House of Burgesses.
Joint stock company
Virginia Company
Companies made up of a group of investors
that bought the right to establish a colony
from the King
The first permanent joint stock company in the
colonies, created Jamestown; promised gold
and a passage to the Indies
Captain John Smith
John Rolfe
Jamestown’s survivial was largely due to his
leadership; he established harsh discipline
and marshal law to ensure that those that did
not work could not eat.
He eased tensions between the colonists and the
Indians when he married Pocahontas, Powhatan’s
daughter. He also discovered a new strain of tobacco
that helped the economy of the colony flourish
royal colony:
staple crop:
A colony over which the king of England
assumed control, granting it a royal charter in
place of the charter it previously held. Not an act
of tyranny, as often pictured, royalization
guaranteed that England's laws (and English
subjects' rights) would apply to colony and
colonists
slavery:
A legal status in which an individual is owned by
another individual who controls his or her actions and
benefits from his or her labor. The status is for life
(unless altered by the owner) and is inherited,
The primary export (cash) crop of a region, the
crop on which the region's economy rests. In the
Chesapeake colonies, the staple was tobacco;
farther south, it was rice or indigo. In later years,
sugar (the staple in the Indies) was important in
some areas on the mainland, but in time the
classic staple--cotton--came to dominate the
South's economy.
indentured servant
a poor person obligated to a fixed farm or
unpaid labor, often in exchange for a benefit
such as transportation, protection or training.
(Especially common in early Virginia)
headright system
land grants to new settlers, encouraged family groups
to migrate together, rewarded those who paid for
passages of others
middle passage
that portion of a slave ship’s journey to which
slaves were carried from Africa to the Americas
Puritans
Pilgrims (Separatists)
Protestants who wished to purify the
Anglican Church by breaking away from
Catholic practices and barring people
who were not committed
Radical protestants who wished to break away
from the Anglican Church entirely, they left
England and eventually settled in the New
World to escape persecution
Mayflower Compact
Covenant
An agreement to establish a new government
entered into by the Pilgrims in November
1620
Essentially an agreement in which people are united
for a specific purpose. Rooted in Protestant theology,
such agreements were the basis for church
governments (especially among Calvinist
congregations) and, in time, influenced civil
governments as well (helped establish the idea of
“consent of the governed”)
Predestination
the Calvinist doctrine that God has
foreordained some people to be saved
and some to be damned.
Roger Williams
heresy
Departure from correct or officially defined
belief.
John Winthrop
an English theologian who came to Plymouth Colony in the
1630's because he disagreed with the teachings of the Church of
England. He quickly fell into disfavor over a few of his
opinions, including:



Plymouth settlers had no right to their land without
paying Indians for it
Plymouth Puritanism was too close to Anglicanism
Church and state should be kept separate
He was exiled from Plymouth and founded Providence (Rhode
Island),
King Phillip’s War
Governor of Mass. Bay colony, he was
instrumental in forming the colony’s government
and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned
the colony as a “city upon a hill”
Pequot War
A conflict between an united Mass. Bay colony
and Plymouth against the Pequot Indians
A series of battles in New Hampshire
between the colonists and the
Wampanowogs because the Mass.
Government tried to assert court jurisdiction
over the Indians. The colonists won with the
help of the Mohawks.
Stono Rebellion
A slave rebellion in South Carolina in
September 1739. It was the largest slave
uprising before the American Revolution
Salem Witch Trials
House of Burgesses
The first representative assembly in the colonies. It
was very much like the House of Commons in England
Glorious Revolution
Series of hearings before local
the events of 1688–89 in England that resulted
magistrates followed by county court trials
in the ousting of James II and the
to prosecute people accused of witchcraft establishment of William III and Mary II as joint
in colonial Massachusetts between
monarchs
February 1692 and May 1693
proprietary colony:
Maryland Act of Toleration
A colony whose charter was granted by the king to
an individual or a group Although the charter might
place certain restrictions on the leaders, in general
they were free to run the colony as they wished-appointing governors, establishing assemblies,
dividing and granting land.
Also known as The Act Concerning Religion. It
was a law mandating religious tolerance for
Christians.
Enlightenment:
The intellectual movement that dominated the
late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in
Europe. Believing that the universe operated
through natural laws that human beings, using
their powers of reason, could understand
Demographic
concerning the general characteristics of a
given population, including such factors as
numbers, age, gender, birth and death rates,
and so on
Great Awakening
Began in 1730s climax 1740s, new spirit
of religious fervor, appealed to women
and younger sons because of rhetoric of
potential for every person to break away
from constraints and renew relationship
with God.
Quaker
English dissenters who broke away from the
Church of England to preach a doctrine of
pacificism, inner divinity and social equality. Under
William Penn they founded Pennsylvania