Name: _____________________
Test Review
Early Middle Ages: complete the chart by listing some of the effects of the causes on Western Europe
The Early Middle Ages
Cause
Effects


The Fall of Rome
Frequent invasions
from barbarians
such as the Vikings

Roman road
networks become
unsafe to travel on

People flee the
cities to go live in
the countryside
People focused on
basic survival

The Franks:




During the Early Middle Ages, a tribe known as the Franks took over Gaul, today Gaul is modern day
_______________________
Clovis I, King of the Franks, converted to _________________________ and gained the support of the
Church
Charles Martel stopped the spread of Islam into Western Europe when he defeated the Moors at the
Battle of __________________
________________________was crowned Holy Roman Empire by the pope and was able to establish an
empire that stretched across modern day France, Germany, and part of Italy
Feudalism:
 occurs when there is weak centralized government and the people need ________________________
 King divides________________ in exchange for military service and loyalty
 ___________________ hold the real power
 ___________________ based on the amount of land owned
 Knights follow a code of conduct known as _________________________
 ____________________ are bound to the land
Complete the feudal pyramid by identifying the groups at each level of the feudal system
Feudalism (continued)
Complete the feudalism obligations chart. Show the responsibilities that each group had towards the other
group
Lords
Knights
Serfs
Manorial System:
 __________________________ system that developed along with Feudalism
 Primary economic activity was ____________________________
 Manor was based on the concept of __________________________
Role of the Church during the Middle Ages
 served as a _______________________________ force in Western Europe after the fall of Rome
 ______________________ in monasteries helped preserve Greek and Roman knowledge
 Popes had spiritual influence over followers and over time developed _____________________ power
 Popes were able to influence political leaders by threatening to _____________________________
rulers who did not follow the Church
 Popes and rulers often had conflicts over power in Europe
o Pope Gregory tried to expand power of the church over rulers
o Investiture Controversy developed over the right to appoint bishops
Monarchs begin to Centralize Power:
 William of Normandy conquers England at the ____________________________________ in 1066
o Gave lands to Norman supporters; determines who builds castles and where
o Takes a census of called the _________________________________ in order to create an
efficient tax system
 King John is forced to sign the _________________________________
o Limited the power of the ___________________
o King must obey the law
o Magna Carta leads to the formation of the __________________________
Crusades:
Complete the chart below by identifying effects of the Crusades on Europe and the Middle East
The Crusades
Cause
Effects
Muslims controlled the
Holy lands
Byzantine was
threatened by Seljuk
Turks
Pope Urban II calls for
Crusades at the Council
of Clermont
Improvements in Farming: Complete the concept map by identifying three improvements to farming that helped
lead to population growth in Western Europe during the Middle Ages.
Improvements
to Farming
Commercial Revolution/ Growth of Cities and Towns
 ____________________________increased as a result of contact with Asia during the Crusades
 _____________________________________ dominate trade in southern Europe; Flanders in the north
o Examples: Genoa, Venice, Hanseatic League
 Trade Fairs and trading centers helped lead to the growth of __________________________________
 Formation of towns helped weaken __________________________________________
 Demand increased for __________________________________ rather than barter
 __________________________________ develop to protect and invest people’s money
 Skilled workers and merchants form _______________________ to set prices and standards for quality
 Middle class begins to develop
Art/Architecture/Literature/ Philosophy
 Architecture reflected the ____________________________ and use of
_______________________________ to construct much taller buildings and huge stained glass windows
 _____________________________________________________ are examples of Medieval literature
 ______________________________________ studied Greek philosophy; tried to use reason and logic
to support Christian religious beliefs
The Black Plague
Complete the chart by identifying the effects of the Black Plague on Europe
Characteristics
Starts in China and spreads along
trade routes towards the west
Spread linked to trade with Asia and
movement of Mongol invaders
Spread by “fleas on rats♪♪♪”
High fatality rate
Unsanitary conditions and crowded
cities helped spread the disease
Black Plague
Impact on Europe