Eagle Zone- 8 minutes
*Copy the information from the class
calendar into your agenda.*
1) Define prokaryote and provide an example of an
organism that is a prokaryote.
2) Define eukaryote and provide an example or a type
of cell that is eukaryotic.
Eagle Zone- 8 minutes
 Create a Venn Diagram comparing and contrasting the
organelles of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Cell
The basic unit of life
(smallest living unit)
TEKS Science Concepts
The student is expected to:
(4a) Compare and contrast the structures of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells
(4c) Compare the structure of viruses to cells
Other science skills
3b - The student uses critical thinking and scientific problem solving
to make informed decisions. The student is expected to:
(3F) research and describe the history of biology and contributions
of scientists.
Engage:
Describe what you
see in this picture
The Amazing Cell (video)
 From shared drive
Contributing Scientist
 Robert Hooke
 Used a microscope to examine cork
(plant)
 Hooke called what he saw "Cells"
Using the Microscope
 Review for quiz
 10 minutes only
after the bell
rings
 Microscope parts
AND functions
Using the Microscope
 Choose 5 or
more parts of
the microscope
to label
 After you label
the part, write
the function of
the part
 Draw a line-place
extra credit under the
line
 1 point for each extra
part and functionmax=5
Explore
Cellular Discovery
Using the lab sheets provided to you, FOLLOW DIRECTIONS to observe
different types of plant, animal, and bacterial cells under the microscope
and record your observations. Be sure to CLEAN YOUR SLIDES AND
STATION THOROUGHLY WHEN YOU ARE DONE.
Tic- Tac-Toe Project (individual home project)
You will be creating 3 small products for this project.
Each product will have a grade of it’s own worth 100 points.
The grades for each product will be averaged together for one total project
grade. There is only one grade for this in the grade book- Not 3!
Compare and Contrast
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Cell membrane
Contain DNA
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Mitochondria
Cytoskeleton
Prokaryotic
Examples
Bacteria
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Plant, Animal, Protist, Fungi
eU (you) have eUkaryotes
Eukaryotic
Example
Section 7-2
Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
Vacuole
Ribosome
(free)
Chloroplast
Ribosome
(attached)
Cell
Membrane
Nuclear
envelope
Cell wall
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Plant Cell
Venn Diagrams
Compare and Contrast
Animal Cells
Centrioles
Plant Cells
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Mitochondria
Cytoskeleton
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts
Internal Organization
 Cells contain
ORGANELLES.
 Cell Components that
PERFORM SPECIFIC
FUNCTIONS FOR THE
CELL.
The Nucleus
 Brain of Cell
 Bordered by a porous membrane -
nuclear envelope.
 Contains thin fibers of DNA
and protein called
Chromatin.
 Rod Shaped Chromosomes
 Contains a small round nucleolus
 produces ribosomal RNA which makes
ribosomes.
Cellular Organelles
 The cell membrane
 The boundary of the cell.
 MAINTAINS
HOMEOSTASIS
 Composed of three distinct
layers.
 Two layers of fat and
one layer of protein.
Cytoplasm
 A solution made of many
different types of molecules
 Fills the cell
 “jelly” fluid
 Found in
plant,
animal, and
prokaryotic
cells
Central Vacuole
 Sacs that store food,
wastes, and ions
 Helps maintain cell
TURGOR pressure
 ONLY Found in plants
and protists.
The
Chloroplast
 Double membrane
 Center section contains grana
 Thylakoid (coins) make up the
grana.
 Stroma - gel-like material
surrounding grana
 Found in plants and algae.
Cell Wall
 Extra structure surrounding its plasma
membrane in plants, algae, fungi, and
bacteria.
 Cellulose – Plants
 Chitin – Fungi
 Peptidoglycan - Bacteria
Centrioles
 Found only in animal cells
 Paired organelles found
together near the nucleus, at
right angles to each other.
 Role in building cilia and
flagella
 Play a role in cellular
reproduction
Lysosomes
 Recycling Center
 Recycle cellular debris
 Membrane bound organelle
containing a variety of
enzymes.
 Internal pH is 5.
 Help digest food
particles inside or out
side the cell.
Flagella
 Whiplike tail used for
 Prokaryote
 Sperm
locomotion (movement)
 Enables single cells to swim
 For cells attached to tissues
(like our air passages), it
moves liquid over the
surface of a cell
 Found in some bacteria and
single celled eukaryotes
Mitochondria
 Powerhouse of the cell
 Breaks down sugar into
usable energy called
ATP
 Has its own DNA
Cytoskeleton



Cell membrane
Framework of the cell
Small microfilaments and larger
microtubules.
Gives cell its shape and help with
the movement of its organelles.
Endoplasmic
reticulum
Microtubule
Microfilament
Ribosomes
Mitochondrion
Golgi Body
 A series of flattened sacs
that modifies, packages,
stores, and transports
materials out of the
cell.
 Works with the
ribosomes and
Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Endoplasmic Reticulum—

Rough and Smooth
Complex network
of transport
channels.
 Two types:
1. Rough
contains
ribosomes on its
surface
b) releases newly
made protein
to golgi body.
a)
Smooth
2.
ribosome free
b) Used for cell
detoxification.
a)
Ribosomes
 Small non-membrane bound
organelles.
 Contain two sub units
 Site of protein synthesis.
 Protein factory of the cell
 Either free floating or attached
to the Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Mitochondrion
 Double Membranous
 It’s the size of a bacterium
 Contains its own DNA; mDNA
 Produces high energy compound
ATP
Elaborate
 Art Show
 Create a drawing of a prokaryotic cell (bacteria) or a eukaryotic
cell (plant or animal cell) to be displayed in the E! Art Gallery
(hallway)
 Include the following information with your drawing:
 Label at least 6 organelles found in that cell (do not use nucleus , cell
membrane, or cell wall)
 Provide the functions for the organelles you listed
 On the bottom of your construction paper, explain the difference
between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell.
Evaluate

The students will draw and label both a prokaryotic and a
eukaryotic cell. Pass/Fail

The students will complete a Venn diagram comparing
both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells showing at least
two differences.

The students will correctly match at least 10 organelles
with their function, using the animal and plant cell model.
(quiz and project)
Prokaryote
• Bacteria
• No nucleus
• Unicellular
• Algae
• Have cell walls
• Uses flagella or cilia for
movement
• Some have capsules
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• Has DNA and RNA
• Has a capsid
• Performs all
• No membrane
functions of life
bound organelles
• Is a cell
• LIVING!
reproduces
Plant cell
Animal cell
Has a nucleus
Has cytoskeleton
Membrane bound organelles
Multicellular
mushroom
Takes over other cells
Flu (Influenza)
HIV
Colds
Has DNA or RNA (never both)
Review
 1. Prokaryotes are single celled organisms found in the kingdom
Eubacteria (Monera). Which of the following cell structures would
not be present in prokaryotic cells?
A.Ribosome
C.Cytoplasm
B.Nucleus
D.Cell membrane
 2.What is the function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
A.control the functions of the cell
C.generate the cell’s supply of energy
b.provide structural support and protection
d.contain waste products of the cell
 3.Which of the following is a characteristic of organisms in
Archaebacteria, but not Eubacteria?
A.organisms lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
C.organisms live in extreme environments
B.organisms are prokaryotic
D.organisms reproduce asexually
 4. What is the function of the nucleus in prokaryotic cells
A.control the functions of the cell
C.generate the cell’s supply of energy
b.provide structural support and protection
d. no function because it’s not present
Eagle Zone
 1. Correctly match the material of the cell wall to the type
of cell it belongs to
_____ peptidoglycan
_____ cellulose
_____ chitin
A. fungi
B. bacteria (prokaryotes)
C. plants
 2. Which cellular process would be affected first if the
chloroplast were destroyed?
A.Transport
B.Reproduction
C.Photosynthesis
D.Respiration
 3. Which cellular process would be affected if the
mitochondria were destroyed?
Production of protein
B. Production of ATP
A.
.B. Production of oxygen
D. Production of carbon dioxide