Ch 7-1 & 7-2: Life is
Cellular
Notes #8
What is the Cell Theory?
1. Cells are the basic unit of life.
2. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
3. All organisms are made of cells.
Common Cell Structures
1.
Cell Membrane
2.
Nucleus
3.
Cytoplasm
Common Cell Structures
1. Cell Membrane: Thin flexible barrier
that surrounds a cell.
2. Nucleus: Present in some cells that
contains DNA and controls cell
activity.
3. Cytoplasm: Gel-like material within
the cell, that keeps cell parts in
place
General Cell Types
• 2 Types
1) Prokaryotes: Organisms that…
-are single celled
-do NOT contain membranebound cell parts
-do NOT have a nucleus
Ex. Bacteria
2) Eukaryotes: Organisms that
-have a nucleus
-have membrane-bound cell parts
Ex. Plant and Animal Cells
Onion Cell
Human Cheek Cells
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic Cell
DNA
Cell Wall
Flagellum
Ribosome
Cell Membrane
Eukaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
What makes eukaryotic cells
special?
• Unlike prokaryotic cells, all
eukaryotic cells have a membranebound nucleus, and specialized
internal cell structures called
organelles.
Common Structures in All
Eukaryotic Cells
• Nucleus: Contains DNA and controls the
cell’s activities
-Chromatin: Tightly coiled strands of DNA
& protein found within the nucleus.
• Nucleolus: Dense small region found
within the nucleus that makes ribosomes
• Nuclear Envelope: Controls what
materials go in and out of the nucleus.
Nucleus
Ribosomes (Free)
• Makes protein for the cell to use
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• Internal transport system of the cell
- Rough ER: has ribosomes attached
&
makes proteins to be exported out
of cell.
- Smooth ER: no ribosome attachment
& makes lipids
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
• Pancake-like stacks that modifies
and packages proteins to be
exported out of cell.
Mitochondria
• Makes cell energy (ATP) from food
(glucose) through cell respiration.
Cytoskeleton
• Helps support the cell and gives it
shape
Cytoskeleton
Found in Animal Cells Only
• Centrioles: Help cells reproduce
Centrioles
Found in Animal Cells Only
• Lysosomes: Breaks down food,
wastes, and used organelles with
digestive enzymes
Digestive Enzymes
Found in Plant Cells Only
• Cell Wall: Surrounds and protects the
cell membrane.
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Found in Plants Only
• Chloroplasts: Converts sunlight
energy into glucose by
photosynthesis.
• Central Vacuole: Stores water, food,
and waste for the plant cell
• Two types of eukaryotic cells we
have studied include animal &
plant cell
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Classwork
1) Workbook Section 7-1 & 7-2 (1-34)
• ANSWERS ONLY (Stamped)
2) Section Assessment
Write out QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(7-1); #1-5 p. 172
(7-2); #1-6 p 183
Double Bubble Thinking Map
Copy the following words on your paper
Then complete the Double Bubble Thinking
Map
• Cell Membrane
• Prokaryotic Cells
• Cytoplasm
• Contains membrane
bound-Organelles
• Eukaryotic Cells
• Contains a Nucleus
• Contains DNA
• Ex. Bacteria
• Ex. Plant & Animal Cell
Double Bubble Thinking Map
Yellow Bubbles: Things in Common; Grey: Unique to Cell
Double Bubble Thinking Map
Yellow Bubbles: Things in Common; Grey: Unique to Cell
Prokaroytic
Cells
Eukaroytic
Cells