CELL/MICROSCOPE REVIEW
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Microscope – parts and functions
Levels of Organization
Cell Theory
The Cell
Functions of the Organelles
THE MICROSCOPE
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Know the parts and functions!
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ
Systems
Organism
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
are made up of cells (organization)
 respond to the environment
 have the ability to reproduce
 move
 grow and develop
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NEEDS FOR LIFE…
 Organisms
need energy,
materials, and living space
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All energy comes from the sun.
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Materials needed:
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Some organisms use this energy directly
(photosynthesis)
Others harness this energy by eating food
Carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, water
Living Space
CELL THEORY…
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Every living thing is made up of one or more cells.
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Cells carry out the functions needed to support life
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Cells come only from other living cells
SCIENTISTS WHO HAVE CONTRIBUTED
TO CELL THEORY
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Anton von Leeuwenhoek: Invented the
microscope and observed tiny living things in
water
Robert Hooke: Coined the term “cell” after
Review of Cell Theory observing that cork
consisted of tiny chambers
Francesco Redi: Proved that living things
cannot be produced from non-living matter
Louis Pasteur: Discovered that cells come only
from other living cells
DEFINITION OF CELL
A
cell is the smallest unit that is
capable of performing life
functions.
TWO TYPES OF CELLS
• Prokaryotic
• Eukaryotic
– no nucleus
EUKARYOTIC
Animal
Cells
Plant Cells
ANIMAL CELLS
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Cell membrane
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Nucleus
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Endoplasmic
reticulum(ER)
Nuclear Membrane
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Ribosomes
Nucleolus
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Mitochondria
Centrosomes/Centrioles
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Golgi Apparatus
Chromosomes
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Lysosomes
Chloroplast
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Vacuole
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
PLANT CELLS
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Cell membrane
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Cell Wall
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Endoplasmic
reticulum(ER)
Nucleus
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Ribosomes
Nuclear Membrane
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Mitochondria
Nucleolus
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Golgi Apparatus
Centrosomes/Centrioles
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Lysosomes
Chromosomes
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Vacuole
Cytoplasm
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Chloroplast
FUNCTIONS OF THE ORGANELLES
Make
sure you know the
functions of ALL the
organelles!