Chapter 8
Section 2
Pages 277-283
• Stomata - the openings in dermal tissue
that control the plant’s exchange of
water vapor, oxygen, and carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere.
• Vascular system - In most plants this makes
up the two types of long, tube-like cells, the
xylem and phloem.
• Xylem - transport water and dissolve nutrients
from the roots up a stem to the leaves.
• Phloem - carries the energy-rich sugars and
carbohydrates down a stem and to the roots.
• Root system - this anchors a plant and
allows the exchange of materials with
the soil.
• Shoot system - stems and leaves make
up this structure which is used for
photosynthesis, support, storage, and
the exchange of materials.
8.2 Review
page 283
• Q1 - What are the three main types of
tissues in plants? (7.5.a)
• A1. The three main types of tissue in
plants are :
• - dermal
• - vascular
• - ground
• See page 279
• Q2. What organs make up the shoot
system? (7.5.b)
• A2. The organs that make up the shoot
system are:
• - stems
• - leaves
• Q3. Describe three ways in which plant
structures are sometimes adapted to
different environments. (7.5.b)
• A3. Plant structure adaptations:
• 1) Cacti (catus) have a thick dermal
tissue that protects stems from sun and
wind
• 2) Peas have tendrils that wind around
a source of support to help the plant
grow toward sunlight
• A3 continued
• 3) Orchids have roots that are exposed
to air that absorb water running of trees
or plants.
• Q4. Predict what might happen to a
plant adapted to damp conditions if it
were moved to desert conditions?
• A4 -The plant adapted to damp
conditions might end up with leaves and
stem that shrivel and wither because it
has no adaptations fro surviving in dry
conditions.
• Q5. Infer - Why might damage to a tree
take awhile to become obvious?
• A5. Severe damage to a tree might not
be obvious at first because the damage
might only weaken the tree initially.
However, eventually with time, the tree
could become diseased, infected, or
even begin decomposing. This could
result in death of the tree.
• Q6 - Compare and Contrast: In what
ways are stem and roots similar, and
how do they differ?
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•
•
A6. Stem and Roots:
Similar: they both have:
- 3 tissue types
- can be underground
- store sugars
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A6 continued:
Different:
Stems usually are above ground
Stems have nodes
Roots usually are below ground
Roots absorb water and nutrients