Introduction To Plant Science
Introduction To AgriScience and
Technology
GHS
Mr. Ham
Objective 1.1
What roles do plants serve in the
ecosystem
• Plants serve several roles in our
ecosystem by providing the following
items:
–Oxygen
–Food
–Reduce soil erosion
–Medicines
Objective 1.2
How plant differ from animal
• Plants differ from animals in several ways
– Plants produce their own food with the
aid of nutrients from the soil.
– Plants are stationary.
– Plants have rigid cell walls with cell
membranes inside.
– Plants utilize carbon dioxide and give
off oxygen.
Objective 1.3
List how plants and animals are alike.
• Plants and animals are alike in several
ways.
– They have a life cycle.
– They carry on life processes, such as
circulation, respiration and growth.
– They are made of cells.
– They must have food.
Objective 1.4
List three major factors that affect
plant growth
• Major factors in climate that effect plant
growth include:
– Temperature
• Warm season plants start growing in the spring and
finish in the fall. I.e., bananas, oranges, cotton and
corn.
• Cool season plants have a life cycle that begins in
the fall and ends when summer begins. I.e., wheat,
rye, and oats.
Objective 1.4 (cont.)
• Precipitation
• Light
Objective 1.5
Define life cycle in terms of plants and
how they are classified
• Life Cycle: refers to the length of the plant’s life.
• Plants can be classified into three groups on the
basis of their life cycle:
– Annuals- complete life within one year.
– Biennials- complete life cycle in two years.
– Perennials- plants live for more than two years.
• Deciduous- plants that lose their leaves in the winter.
• Evergreens- plants that retain their leaves year round.
– *Plants may be perennials but only used as an annual in
the agricultural industry. I.e. cotton
Objective 1.6
List the different parts of a plant
• Parts of the plants are of two major kinds:
– Vegetative
• Leaves- makes food for the plant through
a process known as photosynthesis.
–Blade
-Veins
–Epidermis
-Stomata
–Internal cells
-Waxy coating
–Petiole
-Stipule
Parts of a Leaf
Objective 1.7
List the two different types of
leaves
• Leaves are divided into two groups:
–Simple
–Compound
Simple Leaf
Compound Leaf
Objective 1.8
List the three ways leaves attach to
the stem
• Leaves attach to the stem in several
different ways.
–Alternate
–Opposite
–Whorled
Alternate Attachment
•
Opposite Attachment
•
Whorled Attachment
Objective 1.9
List the different functions of the
stem
• The stem supports the
leaves and flowers.
• The stem transport
water and other
materials.
• The stems also store
food.
Objective 1.10
List the different parts of the stem
• Bark
• Cortex
• Phloem
• Cambium
• Xylem
• Pith
•
Xylem & Pholem
•
Objective 1.11
List the types and roles of roots
• Role of roots
– Roots anchor the plant.
– Roots take in water and
minerals.
– Roots store energy.
• Types of roots
– Taproots
– Fibrous roots
Taproot
Fibrous Root
Taproot vs. Fibrous
•