Endothermic processes:
1. Energy absorption: Endothermic processes absorb energy (heat) from their surroundings.
2. Temperature change: These processes result in a decrease in temperature of the system as energy is
taken in.
3. Bond formation: Generally, endothermic processes involve breaking bonds, which requires energy input.
4. Enthalpy change: In endothermic reactions, the enthalpy change (∆H) is positive.
Example: Melting of ice or photosynthesis in plants.
Exothermic processes:
1. Energy release: Exothermic processes release energy (heat) to their surroundings.
2. Temperature change: These processes result in an increase in temperature of the system as energy is
given out.
3. Bond formation: Generally, exothermic processes involve forming bonds, which releases energy.
4. Enthalpy change: In exothermic reactions, the enthalpy change (∆H) is negative.
Example: Combustion of fuels or cellular respiration in living organisms.