PSE4U EXAMINATION
Marking Breakdown
PART A:
MC and T/F
PART B:
Case Studies
PART C:
Essay Question
TOTAL
/50
/30
/30
/110
Part A: Multiple-Choice and True or False
Questions
SECTION I: Multiple-Choice Questions
Circle the letter beside the word, phrase, or sentence that you believe is correct.
(40 questions = 40 marks)
1. Which of the following bones is a part of the axial skeleton?
(a) phalanges
(b) patella
(c) sacrum
(d) femur
(e) all of the above
2. What is the anatomical name for the forearm bone located on the thumb side?
(a) clavicle
(b) sternum
(c) scapula
(d) ulna
(e) radius
3. Which of the following best describes an eccentric muscle contraction?
(a) muscle length stays the same as muscle performs work
(b) muscle lengthens while muscle performs work
(c) muscle length does not change since muscle is not working
(d) muscle shortens as muscle performs work
(e) muscle shortens and lengthens
4. Which of the muscles listed on the left make up the rotator cuff?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
supraspinatus
deltoid
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
pectoralis major
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
1, 3, and 4
2, 5, and 6
1, 3, 4, and 5
1, 2, 3, and 4
3 and 5
5. From the list of planes and axes listed on the left, determine which ones are involved in the
execution of a cartwheel.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
bilateral
polar
anterior/posterior
frontal
sagittal
transverse
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
1 and 5
3 and 6
1 and 4
3 and 4
2 and 6
6. Which of the following best describes a synovial joint?
(a) hyaline articular cartilage on the ends of the bones
(b) a joint cavity
(c) a capsule around the joint
(d) a site where synovial fluid is found
(e) all of the above
7. For which of the following actions is the trapezius muscle responsible?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
abducting the arm
extending the neck
rotating the arm
adducting the scapula
elevating the scapula
depressing the scapula
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
1, 3, 5, and 6
2, 3, and 4
2 and 4 only
2, 4, 5, and 6
1 and 5
8. For which of the following actions is the erector spinae responsible?
(a) extending the arm
(b) extending the lower back
(c) extending the lower leg
(d) extending the ankle
(e) extending the forearm
9. Which muscles from the following list are the antagonists in a vertical jump?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
vastus medialis
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
gluteus maximus
semimembranosus
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
1 ,3, and 5
2, 3, and 5
1 and 4
4 only
3 and 5
10. Which substances are used to produce energy in the anaerobic alactic system?
(a) ATP and creatine phosphate
(b) fatty acids, glucose, and ATP
(c) fatty acids, glucose, and glycogen
(d) glucose and glycogen
(e) glycogen, fatty acids, and protein
11. Which muscle would generally contain a higher percentage of fast-twitch
muscle fibres?
(a) soleus
(b) gastrocnemius
(c) triceps brachii
(d) latissimus dorsi
(e) none of the above
12. The contracting right ventricle pushes blood through
(a) the tricuspid valve into the pulmonary circulation
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
the pulmonary valve into the systemic circulation
the aortic valve into the systemic circulation
the aortic valve into the pulmonary circulation
the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary circulation
13. During the diastole phase of the cardiac cycle, which of the following does not occur?
(a) filling of the ventricles
(b) contraction of the atria
(c) opening of the semilunar valves
(d) opening of the atrioventricular valves
(e) decreased pressure against the artery walls
14. Which of the following is not a characteristic of intensive aerobic training?
(a) bradycardia
(b) increased stroke volume
(c) hypertrophy of the heart
(d) decreased tidal volume
(e) increased a-vO2 difference
15. Aerobic capacity is measured in
(a) litres/min.
(b) beats/min.
(c) ml/kg/min -1
(d) ml/lb/min -1
(e) weight in kg/height in metres
16. The ultimate source of energy for muscular contraction is
(a) creatine phosphate
(b) oxygen
(c) ATP
(d) ADP
(e) calcium
17. The use of the performance-enhancing technique of blood doping is similar to training in
which of the following environments?
(a) in the heat
(b) in the cold
(c) in the water
(d) at high altitude
(e) at low altitude
18 Which of the following was not an outcome of Ben Johnson’s positive steroid test at the 1988
Olympics?
(a) He was stripped of his gold medal
(b) He was stripped of his world record
(c) He was banned from his sport for life
(d) He was banned from his sport for a set period, then allowed to compete again
(e) The Canadian sport system launched an inquiry into widespread drug use
19. If a triathlete is twenty-five years old and has a resting heart rate of 48 bpm, his heart rate
reserve would be
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
195 bpm
150 bpm
140 bpm
147 bpm
180 bpm
20. Using the Karvonen method, the suggested target heart rate at 80 percent intensity for a
thirty-year-old female with a resting heart rate of 70 bpm would be
(a) 152 bpm
(b) 120 bpm
(c) 166 bpm
(d) 158 bpm
(e) 190 bpm
21. Which of the following movements does not illustrate a class three lever?
(a) neck flexion
(b) knee flexion
(c) elbow flexion
(d) hip abduction
(e) shoulder adduction
22. A high jumper is consistently jumping into the bar, rather than clearing it. This failure to get
over the bar is a result of the violation of which of the following principles?
(a) the principle of stability
(b) the principle of maximum force
(c) the principle of maximum velocity
(d) the principle that states that, the greater the applied impulse, the greater the velocity
(e) the principle that states that movement usually occurs in the direction opposite that of the
applied force
23. In which of the following skills do force and velocity not come into play?
(a) volleyball spike
(b) javelin throw
(c) tennis serve
(d) weightlifting
(e) baseball pitch
24. When performing a long jump, the driving up of the knee, hip, and leg represent
(a) the preliminary movement
(b) the backswing/recovery movement
(c) the force-producing movement
(d) the critical instant
(e) the follow-through
25. How much protein in g/kg body weight per day does the average person require?
(a) 0.8 g/kg
(b) 2.0 - 2.5 g/kg
(c) 5.0g/kg
(d) 0.5g/kg
(e) 1.2 - 1.7g/kg
26. A healthy diet should include which of the following percentages of fats as part of one’s total
caloric intake?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
5 to 10
10 to 20
25 to 30
40 to 50
none of the above
27. In the body, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose and
(a) circulate in the blood to provide energy to cells
(b) become stored as glycogen in muscles and liver
(c) become converted to protein if consumed in excess
(d) a and b
(e) all of the above
28. Which of the following is a true statement regarding vitamins?
(a) they facilitate energy release
(b) they aid in metabolic processes of the body
(c) they can be water or fat soluble
(d) none of the above
(e) all of the above
29. Which body type best describes a stocky, heavily muscled build?
(a) ectomorph
(b) mesomorph
(c) endomorph
(d) ectoendomorph
(e) none of the above
30. Locomotor, manipulative, and stability skills begin in which movement phase?
(a) sport related
(b) fundamental
(c) rudimentary
(d) reflexive
(e) none of the above
31. Which of the following terms describes the growth process by which the head develops faster
than other body parts?
(a) morphology
(b) cephalocaudal
(c) rudimentary
(d) superior
(e) none of the above
32. Which of the following sports does not require the mastery of open skills?
(a) ultimate Frisbee
(b) wrestling
(c) gymnastics
(d) windsurfing
(e) soccer
33. When analyzing a skill and detecting errors, which of the following activities is important?
(a) identifying the purpose of the skill
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
developing an observation plan
identifying key elements
breaking the skill into phases
all of the above
34. Canadian James Naismith is famous for his connection to which of the following sports?
(a) lacrosse
(b) hockey
(c) soccer
(d) basketball
(e) rowing
35. Which person founded the modern Olympics?
(a) George Beers
(b) Baron Pierre de Coubertin
(c) Sir John A. Macdonald
(d) Alexander the Great
(e) Dorothea Beale
36. Which Canadian city has hosted the Winter Olympic Games?
(a) Toronto
(b) Vancouver
(c) Montreal
(d) Calgary
(e) Hamilton
37. This Onondaga Indian was considered the best long-distance runner in the world in the early 1900s.
(a) Ned Hanlan
(b) Tom Longboat
(c) Bill Crothers
(d) Teddy Nolan
(e) Bruce Kidd
38. The female triad is a syndrome that includes
(a) disordered eating habits
(b) amenorrhea
(c) osteoporosis
(d) none of the above
(e) all of the above
39. Which of the following divisions is not considered to be a significant factor in sport during the last 30
years?
(a) the amateur vs. professional status of athletes
(b) the non-profit vs. for-profit status of sports
(c) competition between capitalist and communist nations
(d) the struggle between the player-agents and team owners
(e) they are all considered significant
40. A hockey player attempts to execute a clean, legal check against his opponent, but the opponent
ends up tripping over his stick and injuring his shoulder. This scenario is an example of
(a) unethical conduct
(b) instrumental aggression
(c) a flaw in equipment design
(d) hostile aggression
(f) none of the above
SECTION II: True or False Questions
Indicate whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
(10 questions = 10 marks )
1. A figure skater will bring the arms into the body during a jump to decrease the moment of inertia.
________
2. The lower the centre of mass to a person’s base of support, the greater their stability. ________
3. In the anatomical position, the palms are pronated. ________
4. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is also known as “bad cholesterol”. ________
5. Exercising in a hot climate can lead to dehydration causing decreased blood plasma and decreased
stroke volume, which in turn can decrease exercise capacity. ________
6. All professional athletes are prevented by their contracts from earning more from endorsements than
they do from their salaries. ________
7. During a push-up, the pectoralis muscle contracts isotonically and concentrically. ________
8. During mid-childhood, (approximately six to ten years of age), the body undergoes a stabilizing period
between bone and tissue growth. ________
9. Based on their won-loss percentage, the Edmonton Graduates have the best record of any Canadian
sports team. ________
10. Unlike other countries (such as England), it is illegal to bet on sports in Canada. _______
Part B: Case Studies
On a separate sheet of paper, answer three of the following four questions in paragraph form.
Each question is worth 10 marks (3 x 10 marks = 30 marks).
1) As a kinesiologist, you have performed a fitness assessment on a client and discovered that the
individual has a weakness in shoulder abduction and knee extension. Before creating a strength
and conditioning program for the individual, you must first address the following factors that
influence those movements.
Include:
 bones involved
 name and type of joint
 plane of movement and axis of rotation
 agonist muscle(s)
 two exercises that work the muscles of the desired action
2) You are the coach of a high-school swim team. A graduating athlete has approached you about
training for an international-distance triathlon (1.5km swim, 40km bike, 10km run). The athlete is
an OFSAA gold-medal champion cross-country runner, has biked recreationally, but has never
spent much time in a pool (other than taking swimming lessons when she was ten years old). She
has approached you regarding training principles necessary to complete the internationaldistance triathlon and on how to improve the mechanics of her freestyle stroke. Provide coaching
advice for her.
Include the following concepts:
 energy system(s) used
 energy source for each system used
 methods of training used to train those energy systems for optimal performance
 key elements of the freestyle stroke
 biomechanical principles/laws of physics applicable for optimal performance of freestyle stroke
3) You are a part of the strength and conditioning team at an elite sport training centre, responsible
for designing sport-specific training programs and recruiting potential athletes. You have been
asked to develop a training program for the national women’s soccer team. These women will
under go pre- and post-competition drug testing.
Include:
 what components of fitness are essential for this type of athlete and why
 what type of muscle fibres and their properties need to be trained
 two ergogenic aids that can enhance the players’ performance and why they should be effective
4) As a sports historian, you have been asked to write an editorial for a national newspaper featuring
significant female Canadian athletes over the past century.
Your editor has given you the following requirements for the article:
 a description of three female athletes and their achievements from different eras in the past
century
 the societal or cultural factors that they had to overcome
 which one has been a role model for you as writer of the article
Part C: Essay
You are a fitness trainer at a local health club, and you are responsible for fitness evaluation and
programming for all clients. Two of the club’s clients are described in the charts below:
Client #1
Gender
Age
Weight
Height
Body Fat
BMI
Goals
Personal
information
Female
19
165
5’6”
32%
27
Increase cardiovascular fitness, decrease
body fat and increase lean muscle mass,
improve flexibility
smoker, coffee drinker, hates aerobics, goes
to university full time and has a part-time job
Client #2
Gender
Age
Weight
Height
Body Fat
BMI
Goals
Personal
information
Male
35
150
5’11”
4%
18
Increase body fat, increase strength and
muscle mass
Family history of high cholesterol, doesn’t
cook, introverted with limited social skills
Instructions:
Select ONE of the two clients described above. On a separate sheet of paper, outline the following
question in proper essay style: (30 marks)

the fitness testing protocol you would use to evaluate your client’s initial fitness level and how you
would monitor their progress over the first six months; (10 marks)

an exercise program that meets your client’s goals using specific training methods and principles; (10
marks)

nutritional advice on the relationship between nutrition and physical activity. Describe energy nutrient
balance of CHO, fat, and protein to help achieve their goals. Include vitamins and minerals that are
also important for your client. (10 marks)