Chapter 1
Introduction to Chemistry

1.1 Chemistry
• Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and changes that matter undergoes.
• Affects all aspects of life and most natural events.

1.1 Areas of Study
• Organic – chemicals containing carbon
• Inorganic – in general, do not contain carbon
• Biochemistry – processes taking place inside organisms
• Analytical – composition of matter
• Physical – mechanism, rate, and energy transfer occurring when matter undergoes a change.

1.1 Pure and Applied Chem
• Pure – pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake.
• Applied – research directed toward a practical application.
• Examples would be commercial production of nylon and uses of aspirin.

1.1 Why Study Chemistry?
• Helps explain natural world.
• Prep for a career.
– All medical fields
– Biotech and genetics
– Agriculture
• Being informed about tech advances and research allocation.

1.2 Chemistry Far and Wide
• Read and understand the examples provided in the text pages 12-17.
• Chemists design materials to fit specific needs.
– Energy conservation, production, and storage
– Medicine and biotechnology (altering DNA)
– Agriculture (productivity, crop protection, livestock health)
– Pollution control and prevention

1.3 Thinking Like a Scientist
• Alchemists – developed tools and techniques for working w/ chemicals.
• Lavosier did a lot to transform chemistry into the science of measurement it is today.
– Addressed the issue of how things burn
– Previously, everything was thought to contain phlogiston.

1.3 The Scientific Method
• Make observations
• Test hypotheses
– Design experiment
– Manipulate a variable
– Compare to dependent or responding variable
• Develop theories
• Scientific laws

1.3 Collaboration and Communication
• When scientists take part in this, they increase the likelihood of a successful outcome.
– This will be a part of the course during lab sessions.
– Communicating results just as important as collaboration.

1.4 Problem Solving in Chemistry
• Develop a plan and then implement it.
• For numeric problems:
– Analyze
– Calculate
– Evaluate
• For conceptual problems:
– Analyze
– Solve

Chapter 1 Problems
• 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 22, 23, 26,
27, 33, 34, 36, 41, 44, 59, 60, 61, 68, 70, 71,
78, 80, 81, 82, 83