C R E A T E D B Y K A S H A M A S T R O D O M E N I C O
W W W . S O C I A L S T U D I E S D I F F E R E N T I A T E D I N S T R U C T I O N . C O M

Vocabulary
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Liberty Gardens: family gardens that helped reserve food farmers grew for soldiers
Liberty Bonds: citizens lent government money to pay for the War by buying them
Migration: the movement of people from one area to another
Race Riot: riot among different races or ethnicities in the same community
Immigrate: coming into a country to live for a long period of time
Pacifists: people who refuse to fight in any war
Socialists: believes that the people, as a whole rather than private individual, should own all property and share the profits from all businesses.
Espionage and Sedition Acts: laws that made it a crime to criticize the government or to interfere with the war verbally or in print
Communist: a theory of social organization based on the belief that all land should be state or community owned
Anarchist: a person who doesn’t want order and starts revolts against known rules, laws or customs
Red Scare: a period of general fear of communists, anarchists and socialists which led to mass deportation and prison

Essential Questions
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What actions at home helped the war effort?
What actions at home hurt the war effort?
How did fear of differences impact the United States during and after WWI?

WWI
Women
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 radio operators, clerks, stenographers took over men’s jobs as they left for war better pay but still not equal to men factory work, assembled weapons
& airplane parts, trolley drivers, mailmen, police officers helped change view that women were only fit for “women’s work” video

Organizing the War Effort
Help from Home
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Family liberty gardens
Farmers grew more crops to keep up with demand
“Wheatless Mondays”
“Meatless Tuesdays” the food saved by this helped the men in the trenches

Organizing the War Effort
Liberty Bonds
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 citizens lending government money to pay for the War video

Ethnic Tension
Anti-German Feelings
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German-Americans experienced intolerance, suspicion, newspapers questioned loyalty, mob attacks on the street

Ethnic Tensions
Problems at Home
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1/2 million African
Americans & thousands of Mexicans migrated from the south to the northern cities to escape racism and poverty found better paying jobs, prejudice & violence competition for housing
& jobs led to race riots
From Harper’s Weekly

Ethnic Tension
Mexicans Needed
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Southwest ranchers needed workers
100,000 Mexicans immigrated worked in cotton & beet fields, copper mines & steel mills

Opposition to the War
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Pacifists: people who refuse to fight in any war
Socialist: believe that the people as a whole, rather than private individuals should own all property and share the profits from all businesses. Socialists argued that the war benefited factory owners and not the workers
Espionage and Sedition
Acts: laws that make it a crime to criticize the government or to interfere with the war verbally or in print.
Eugene Debs Union and Socialist Leader

Red Scare
1918 (WWI)-1920 (post WWI)
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US felt betrayed by Russia when they left the war
US was scared about Russia’s call for workers everywhere to revolt
US didn’t recognize the
Communist Russian government
& blocked Russian participation in the Paris Peace Conference
Fear in the US led to the anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti’s trial and execution for murder

Essential Questions
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What actions at home helped the war effort?
What actions at home hurt the war effort?
How did fear of differences impact the United States during and after WWI?

C R E A T E D B Y H O L L E R F O R M A S T R O L L C
H T T P : / / W W W . H O L L E R F O R M A S T R O . C O M

Vocabulary

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







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Liberty Gardens: family gardens that helped reserve food farmers grew for soldiers
Liberty Bonds: citizens lent government money to pay for the War by buying them
Migration: the movement of people from one area to another
Race Riot: riot among different races or ethnicities in the same community
Immigrate: coming into a country to live for a long period of time
Pacifists: people who refuse to fight in any war
Socialists: believes that the people, as a whole rather than private individual, should own all property and share the profits from all businesses.
Espionage and Sedition Acts: laws that made it a crime to criticize the government or to interfere with the war verbally or in print
Communist: a theory of social organization based on the belief that all land should be state or community owned
Anarchist: a person who doesn’t want order and starts revolts against known rules, laws or customs
Red Scare: a period of general fear of communists, anarchists and socialists which led to mass deportation and prison

Essential Questions


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What actions at home helped the war effort?
What actions at home hurt the war effort?
How did fear of differences impact the United States during and after WWI?

WWI
Women






 radio operators, clerks, stenographers took over men’s jobs as they left for war better pay but still not equal to men factory work: assembled weapons
& airplane parts, trolley drivers, mailmen, police officers, helped change view that women were only fit for “women’s work”
Video
Signal corp.

WWI: Organizing the War Effort
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A bureaucracy was set up by Wilson to reorganize the
US economy to produce food, arms, and other goods needed to fight the war.
Bureaucracy: a system of managing government through departments run by appointed officials

Organizing the War Effort
Help from Home
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Families grew liberty
gardens because food prices were high.
Farmers grew more crops to keep up with demand
“Wheatless Mondays”
“Meatless Tuesdays” the food saved by this helped the men in the trenches
Go to the bottom of the link page
Middle of page

Organizing the War Effort
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War Industries Board: it told factories what they had to produce and divided up limited resources
War Labor Board: settled disputes over working hours & wages & tried to prevent strikes less workers meant unions achieved higher pay and better working conditions

Organizing the War Effort
Liberty Bonds
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 citizens lending government money to pay for the War. video

Anti-German Feelings
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German-Americans experienced intolerance, suspicion, newspapers questions loyalty, mob attacks on the street
Propaganda helped spread this and it wasn’t only in the US

Ethnic Tensions
Problems at Home
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1/2 million African
Americans & thousands of
Mexicans migrated from the south to the northern cities hoping to escape racism and poverty found better paying jobs, prejudice & violence competition for housing & jobs led to race riots (39 died in East St. Louis,
Illinois)
From Harper’s Weekly

Ethnic Tension
Mexicans Needed
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Southwest ranchers asked government to let more Mexicans in to work on farms in
California and Texas.
100,000 Mexicans immigrated worked in cotton & beet fields, copper mines & steel mills

Opposition to the War
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Pacifists: people who refuse to fight in any war
Socialist: believe that the people as a whole rather than private individuals should own all property and share the profits from all businesses. Socialists argued that the war benefited factory owners and not the workers
Congress passed the Espionage
and Sedition Acts. These were laws that make it a crime to criticize the government or to interfere with the war verbally or in print.
1,600 people were arrested
Eugene Debs Union and Socialist Leader

Problems with Russia
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Nov. 1917 Bolsheviks took over the provisional government in
Russia.
Led by Lenin wanted a
communist revolution followed ideas of Karl Marx workers would unite and overthrow the ruling class. End private property and set up a classless society.
Primary sources: The
Withdrawal of Russia:
Revolution and the Treaty of
Brest-Litovsk
Lenin

Problems with Russia
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
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Russia hated the war so they signed the Treaty of
Brest-Litovsk March
1918
Russia lost land & natural resources to
Germany but welcomed the peace
Germany then used all efforts towards defeating
France

Red Scare
1918 (WWI)-1920 (post
WWI)
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US felt betrayed by Russia when they left the war and created a separate peace treaty and were scared about their call for workers everywhere to revolt
US refused to recognize the Russian government, sent troops into Siberia to guard Allied supplies, set up an economic blockade of Russia, sent arms to anti-
Bolshevik forces, blocked Russian participation in the Paris Peace Conference
Fear in the US led to the anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti’s trial and execution for murder
Letter

Essential Questions
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What actions at home helped the war effort?
What actions at home hurt the war effort?
How did fear of differences impact the United States during and after WWI?

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Women: Most women went back to work in the home after the war. Connect to background knowledge: ask the students what their mothers do if they work outside the home and if they are a girl what they want to be when they grow up.
Help from home: Connect to background knowledge: ask students if they have ever grown anything like a garden. Ask them if they would if it would help feed soldiers in Afghanistan. Ask them: Why was there a world wide food shortage? Much of
Europe couldn’t be cultivated.
Liberty Bonds: Half of what the US spent on the War was covered by this. $21 billion. Connect to background knowledge: does anyone have a federal savings bond?
Anti-German Feelings: families changed their names, schools stopped teaching the
German language, concert halls banned works by German composers. Connect to
Background Knowledge: Does the United States feel similar to this about another group today?
Problems at Home: Connect to Background Knowledge: Why are Mexicans coming to the United States today? What are their experiences?
Mexicans Needed: After the war there were problems when the men came back home and wanted to work again in the fields.