THE HUMAN BODY
STUDY GUIDE
NAME: _____________
Like all organisms, humans are made up of CELLS. These
cells are organized into TISSUES. Tissues form ORGANS.
Organs work together as ORGAN SYSTEMS.
The human body has 11 major body systems. We will study 6
this year.
Human Body Systems
System
Respiratory system
Skeletal System
Nervous system
Muscular system
Circulatory system
Digestive system
Function
Exchange oxygen/carbon
dioxide.
Support
Control
Movement
Transport
Food absorption
1. The Respiratory System
Function

Getting and using oxygen in the body.
Main Organs



The nose
The trachea
The lungs
Care


Don’t smoke
Exercise
2. The Skeletal System
Functions



Protects the organs in the body.
Gives the body its shape
Works with the muscles to move the body.
The skeleton is made of 206 bones.
Care



Exercise
Eat foods rich in vitamins and minerals. Your
bones need minerals, calcium and phosphorus to
grow strong.
Don’t overextend your joints.
3. The Nervous System
Main Organs



The brain
The spinal cord
The nerves
Function

Center of control. Controls heartbeat, breathing, blood
pressure and the muscles in the digestive system.
Care



Wear a helmet when you play sports.
Stay away from drugs.
Stay away from alcohol.
4. The Digestive System
Main Organs



The mouth
The esophagus
The stomach



The large intestine
The small intestine
The anus
Function

Transform food into nutrients for the body.
Care


Drink a lot of water.
Chew your food well.
5. The Circulatory System
Main Organs



The heart (a MUSCLE)
Blood vessels
The blood (red blood cells and white blood cells)
Function

To transport the blood throughout the body.
Care


Do not smoke.
Stay away from drugs.
6. The Muscular System
Main Parts
There are 3 types of muscles:



Skeletal muscles: These muscles are attached to
and move bones. These muscles are attached to
bones by a tough cord called tendon.
Cardiac muscles: They are located in the HEART. When these muscles contact, they
squeeze blood out of the heart. When cardiac muscles relax, the heart fills with more
blood.
Smooth muscles make up internal organs and vessels.
Function

To move the body.
Care


Exercise
Eat the right food