Human Body Vocabulary
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Cells: Basic units of structure and function
Tissues: group of specialized cells that work together to perform the same function; 4
types of tissue
Nerve Tissue: carries impulses back and forth to the brain from the body; Neurons
Muscle Tissue: Contracts and shortens making body parts move (cardiac, smooth,
skeletal)
Epithelial Tissue: Covers the surfaces of the body, inside (lining of organs) and
outside (skin)
Connective Tissue: Connects all part of the body and provides support
Organs: a group of two or more different types of tissues that work together to
perform a specific function
Systems: group of two or more organs that work together to perform a specific
function
System
Circulatory
System
Respiratory
System
Organs
Heart and Blood Vessels
Digestive
System
Mouth, Esophagus,
Stomach, Small/Large
Intestines, Liver,
Gallbladder, pancreas
rectum and anus
Kidneys, Ureters,
Bladder, Urethra
Brain, Spinal cord,
Peripheral nerves
Excretory
System
Nervous
System
Nose, Trachea, Bronchi,
Lungs and Diaphragm
Muscular
System
Skeletal
System
Skeletal, smooth and
cardiac muscles
Bones
Integumentary
Skin
Function
System that transports blood to
all parts of the body
System that provides gas
exchange between the blood and
the air
System that breaks down food
into nutrients that can be used by
the body
System that filters out cellular
wastes, toxins and excess water
System that receives stimuli
from inside and outside the body
and then initiates responses for
survival
System that provides movement
System that provides support for
the body to protect internal
organs and provide an
attachment site for muscles
Covers the body and provides
protection
Organs
Heart
Blood Vessels
Nose
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Diaphragm
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestines
Large Intestines
Rectum and Anus
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral Nerves
Skeletal Muscles
Smooth Muscles
Cardiac Muscles
Bones
Function
Causes blood flow through the body through pumping
Tubes that carry blood throughout the entire body
Takes air from the environment and moistens/hearts its
before it enters the trachea
Moves air from nose to lungs
Tubes that move air from trachea to the lungs
Gases are exchanged between air and the blood
Muscle that aids in the breathing process
Uses both mechanical and chemical digestion/ chewing and
saliva
Transport tube that carries chewed food to the stomach
Secretes gastric juices that continue the process of chemical
digestion and uses mechanical digestion
Nutrients are absorbed; location of the most chemical
digestion
Water is absorbed from food and moved into the blood
stream; prepares remaining food for elimination
Short tube that stores solid waste til it is eliminated from the
body
Produces bile which is used to break up fat particles
Stores bile produced by the liver
Produces digestive juices that further the breakdown of food
in the small intestines
Get rid of urea, excess water and other waste minerals in the
form of urine
Tubes which connect the kidney to the bladder
Stores urine until it is released from the body
Tube which urine passes through before being eliminated
Used to control and coordinate the activities of the body
Bundle of nerves that begin at the brain stem and continues
down the spine through the vertebrae
Network of nerves that branch out from the spinal cord and
connect to the rest of the body to transmit signals to and
from the brain
VOLUNTARY muscles attached to BONES and provide
force needed to move the bones
INVOLUNTARY muscles that control many types of
movement
INVOLUNTARY muscle that forms the HEART
Provide shape and support for the body and protection for
many organs and structures