Microbiology
THE STUDY OF LIFE
Warm up 1/12/12
Read the statement below and defend (back up) or
dispute (argue against) the claim:
“Something is alive when it has the ability to think,
breathe and move”
Announcements
 There will be no tutoring next Monday. MLK day.
 I will stay afterschool on Tuesday of next week.
 I will have grade conferences on Tuesday to let you know
your current grade and what you need to make up.
 It is your responsibility to see me to get this work.
 I will be calling parents with FAILURE notices on
Tuesday as well. Therefore, get your work done and make
it up now, so that I can update it.
 Being absent, is not an excuse. It is your responsibility to
get the work done!
I Robot Video
 Be sure to pay attention to the differences between
the human (Will Smith) and the Robot.
As you are watching, keep these questions in mind:
1. How are the two similar?
2. How are they different?
3. What is the difference between a Father and
Creator in this case?
4. Why is this robot considered strange?
What makes something living?
 Watch this clip from I, Robot
Reflection Questions
With a partner, answer the following
questions on your worksheet (4 min)
1. Do you think the robot is living or non living?
2. What “requirements” must something have to be
considered living?

Create a list of at least 3 (observable) requirements
One partner come to the board and write down
ONE WORD that you think makes you living…
LIVING
Characteristics of living things
Living things have these characteristics:
Organization
2. The ability to grow and develop
3. Respond to stimuli in their environment
4. The ability to reproduce
1.
Organization
 Organized- living things need to be organized so that
it can conduct all of the things necessary to be alive.
Some organisms are simple (bacteria) while others are
more complicated (human beings). As a result,
bacteria is less organized than a person.
Growth and development
 The needs of an organism also determines how it
grows, changes and develops.
 Some change very quickly and grow fast, while
others are slower.
 The changes that take place are based on what the
organism needs to survive.
Response to stimuli
 All things that are alive need to react to things going
on around them.
 If they could not, they would not be able to adapt to
things so that they could stay alive.
Reproduction
 If things don’t reproduce, how could they keep
living?
 Simply put, living things need to replenish
themselves or they would go extinct.
Is it living?
Wind
River
Tree
Living or Nonliving?
Rain
Living or Nonliving?
Baby
Living or Nonliving?
Lemon
Living or Nonliving?
Lemonade
Living or Nonliving?
Seahorse
Living or Nonliving?
Waterfall
Living or Nonliving?
Waterfall
Being Alive vs.
Being a Living Thing
 Being alive means that you are not dead! This
means that you continue to change, grow, and
respond to your environment.
 Being a living thing means that you’re not
nonliving. Therefore, you meet all four
requirements of being a living thing.
Practice (2 mins)
 List the following items in your notebook and classify
them as living or non living:
1. Tree
2. Spider
3. iPhone
4. Chemicals
5. Bacteria
6. Frogs
7. Nitrogen
8. Alge
All Living things are…
MADE OF CELLS
What are Cells?
 Cells are the smallest unit of life.
Living things can be unicellular
or multicellular.
How Many Wheels Does a UNIcycle
have?
Therefore, how many cells does a
UNIcellular organism have?
Unicellular
• unicellular – made up of only
one cell
Ex: bacteria, ameobas
Multi-cellular
• multicellular – made up of many
cells
Ex: Man, killer whale, plants
Independent practice
Reflection:
Think back to the video clips that we watched in class.
Think back to the characteristics of living things.
In 2 paragraphs or more write a response to my claim:
“Robots like Sunny in the movie I Robot have feelings,
thoughts and can move around just like humans.
They are able to things that people can do. Therefore,
they should be classified as living.”
Warm Up 1/13/12
In at least 1 paragraph (5 sentences) describe what
qualities make something alive. Choose an example
of something that is alive and something that is dead
and describe their similarities and differences.
Announcements
Cells Part 2
 All living things are made up of cells.
 Cells are the smallest unit of life.
 Cells only come from other living cells.
 Living things can be made up of one cell or multiple
cells.
Lets recap on what we have learned so far…….
Unicellular
 Organism made up of one cell.
 Usually too small to see with the naked eye.
Multicellular
 Organisms that are made up of more than one cell.
 These organisms have many different cells that
perform different jobs in order to meet the
organisms needs.
 Examples include:
Volvox, Frogs, Human beings, etc.
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
Cells are made up differently based on the needs of the
organism. The inside of one cells can be very
different from one another. However, we can classify
cells into two groups:
Eukaryotic Cells- genetic material (DNA) is enclosed in
the nucleus. Most multicellular organisms are
eukaryotic. Plants and animals have eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells- there is no separate place for genetic
material. Most prokaryotic cells are unicellular.
What is inside a cell?
 Organelles are things inside a cell that are enclosed
by a membrane.
 The cell membrane is the outer boundary of the
cytoplasm. It controls what enters and leaves the
cell. It is also a protective covering that encloses the
entire cell.
Bubble Lab
 Today we are going to study the cell membrane and
talk about how things enter and exit the cell.
Independent Practice
What is the difference between a prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cell?
2. What job does the cell membrane play within the
eukaryotic cell?
3. Think about the structure and function of the soap
bubbles and the cell membrane. Describe how they
are similar and how they are different. You may do
this using a chart or in paragraph form.
1.
Warm Up 1/19/12
 Draw and complete the T-chart below:
Word
Eukaryotic cell
Cell Membrane
Prokaryotic cell
Definition
Announcements
 Tutoring will take place afterschool today!
Differences Between Plant and Animal
Eukaryotic Cells?
 Where do plants get there energy from?
 Where to animals get there energy from?
Therefore, plants have chloroplasts and central vacuoles
that help them turn solar energy into food and store their
water. They also have a cell wall.
Animal cells have none of the above. Instead of a central
vacuole, an animal cell has lysosomes that break down
materials (food) that are brought into the cell.
Quick illustrations
 Turn to page C21
 The pictures at the bottom show the differences between
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plant and animal cells up close using an electron
microscope.
Turn to page C22
In your notebook draw both cells and label all of the
parts.
Be sure to highlight the parts of the plant cell that are not
present in the animal cell!
You will need these drawings to review for your test on
Cells!
You have 8 minutes for both drawings. I am setting the
timer and moving on!
Video
Cell rap:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zafJKbMPA8&feature=related
Video: Plant vs. Animal
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?gui
dAssetId=4df7766c-b8ec-4d27-8b4e-e4f67760b592
Jot down all the differences between the two types that
you hear. If there is talking you will have a quiz.
Cell Organelles/Worksheet
 Each of you will receive a foldable to take your notes
on.
 Each flap will represent a different organelle
Diffusion
 This is a process where molecules move from an area
of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
Ex.
When you spray perfume, the smell is more powerful
up close but over time the molecules spread out and
it can be smelled throughout the room.
Osmosis
 Molecules move from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
across a membrane.
 This definition is the same as diffusion except it
takes place across a membrane.
 That is, things move in an out of a cell.
Eukaryotic
Cell Parts
Function
Cell Membrane
Provides a barrier between the cell and its environment. All
nutrients and waste move across the cell membrane.
Nucleus
Controls the functions of the cell. Acts as the “brain” of the
cell.
Mitochondria
Makes energy that can be used by the cell.
Cytoplasm
Gel like substance that holds organelles in place
Lysosome
Breaks down waste into a form that can be removed from the
cell. Breaks down the cell itself if the cell is damaged or
old.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports nutrients and waste within the cell.
Vacuoles
Holds water transported into the cell until used by the cell.
Ribosome
Translates or puts together genetic information (DNA/RNA)
to make protein.
Golgi Bodies/apparatus
Processes and packages proteins before they go where they
are needed
Eukaryotic Cells
Exit ticket
The main job of the nucleus is to?
a. remove waste from the cell
b. give the cell its shape
c. control what goes on in the cell
d. give the cell its color
2. Which is the primary function of mitochondria in animal cells?
a. to release energy
b. to provide support
c. to store materials
d. to transport waste
3. How do lysosomes function inside the cell?
a. Lysosomes manufacture proteins for the cell.
b. Lysosomes distribute enzymes throughout the cell.
c. Lysosomes assist the nucleus in DNA synthesis.
d. Lysosomes serve as the cell’s digestive system.
Warm up 1/20/12
 Draw the chart and fill in the chart below:
Organelle
Function
Mitochondria
Provides a barrier between
the cell and its environment.
All nutrients and waste move
across the cell membrane
Golgi bodies
Endoplasmic reticulum
Holds water transported into
the cell until used by the
cell.
Announcements
 Today is the last day of the quarter.
 All make up work is due by the end of the day 
Cell Taboo
Groups: I am assigning groups for this activity
In your groups: you will be practicing our vocabulary
by working with the words to practice for your quiz
at the end of class.
Directions: Without saying the words on the card, you
will describe the word in black to your group mates.
The person that guesses the largest number of cards
wins!
Alternate assignment
1. Describe the major differences between prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells.
2. Draw a venn diagram comparing plant and animal
cells.
3. Which organelle acts like an assembly line. Describe
why that is and how it helps the cell to function.
4. Turn to page C25 and complete the activity.
5. Read section 1.3 and answer questions 1-6.
6. Turn to page C33 and complete the activity.
Exit slip
The nucleus is where your _________ is located.
Organelles
DNA
Exocytosis
Chloroplast
2. The mitocondria provides the cell with _______.
A)
Transportation
B)
DNA
C)
Energy
D)
Organs
3. The cell _________ protects the plant cell.
A)
Vesicle
B)
Ribosome
C)
Cell wall
D)
Cilia
4. The central vacuole is only found in the ______________ cell.
A)
Prokaryotic
B)
Animal Cell
C)
Plant cell
D)
Flagellum
1.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Warm Up 1/24/11
1. The cell _________ protects the plant cell.
A)
Vesicle
B)
Ribosome
C)
Cell wall
D)
Cilia
2. The central vacuole is only found in the ______________ cell.
A)
Prokaryotic
B)
Animal Cell
C)
Plant cell
D)
Flagellum
3. The main job of the nucleus is to?
a) remove waste from the cell
b. give the cell its shape
c. control what goes on in the cell
d. give the cell its color
4. Which is the primary function of mitochondria in animal cells?
a. to release energy
b. to provide support
c. to store materials
d. to transport waste
What’s inside a cell?
Organelles – parts inside of a cell
that have specific
Welcome to CLUB CELL!!!
What type of club is it?
Nucleus
 FUNCTION
Controls
the cell
and contains its
genetic material
(DNA)
Nucleus
 ANALOGY
The
nucleus is like
the CLUB
OWNER because
they control what
happens in the club.
Cell Membrane
 FUNCTION
a
semipermeable
barrier of the
cell that lets
materials in or
out
Cell Membrane
 ANALOGY
The
cell
membrane is like
a BOUNCER
because it only
lets certain things
in or out
Mitochondria
 FUNCTION
To
process
nutrients and
oxygen into
energy
Mitochondria
 ANALOGY
The
mitochondria
are like a DJ
because they play
music to give the
club energy
Lysosome
 FUNCTION
To
digest and
break down
materials in the
cell
Lysosome
 ANALOGY
The
lysosomes are
like HUNGRY
PEOPLE. They
have one purpose: to
digest!
Cytoplasm
 FUNCTION
The
fluid that
fills the cell
Cytoplasm
 ANALOGY
The
cytoplasm is
like THE
CROWD
during crowd
surfing.
Vacuoles
 FUNCTION
To
store
materials for the
cell
Ex:
nutrients,
water, waste, etc.
Vacuole
 ANALOGY
The
vacuoles are like
CLOSETS. They
can be used to store
many things.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 FUNCTION
To
store,
package, and
move materials
needed to make
proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum
 ANALOGY
The
E.R. is like an
“IN” WAITER
because it
packages orders
Ribosomes
 FUNCTION
To
build
proteins for the
cell and organism
Ribosomes
 ANALOGY
The
ribosomes are
like CHEF
because they
combine simple
ingredients to make
complex dishes
(proteins)
Golgi Bodies
 FUNCTION
Processes
protein
packages and
sends them where
they are needed
Golgi Bodies
 ANALOGY
The
Golgi Bodies are
like an “OUT”
WAITER
because they take
the dishes (proteins)
where they are
needed
Questions?
Complete back of note sheet
 Use the text to answer the questions!
 Hint: You are going to have to READ not just look!
Organelle Vocabulary Cards
 Complete the vocabulary cards using whatever
aspects work for you!
Warm Up 1/25/12
 What makes something living?
 Hint: must meet 4 qualities…
 What are the two types of organisms?
 Hint: one or many cells???
 What are the two types of cells?
 Hint: nucleus or no nucleus???
 What is the cell theory about?
 Hint: we know 3 things about cells…
Cell Theory Review
 Three main points to the cell theory:
 All living things are composed of cells
 Cells provide structure and carry on major
functions to sustain life


Organisms (living things) can be single cell
(unicellular) or made of many cells (multicellular)
Cell function is similar in all living things
Announcments
Review of cell organelles
 Look over your note sheet from last class.
 Using your vocabulary words, select an organelle
that you like.
Roles
 Each of you will be randomly assigned a cell
organelle.
 You will write a scrip that describes your role within
the club.
 This will count as your quiz on cells.
You have 20 minutes.
What I’m looking for
Your script MUST include:
1. Your job within the cell.
2. How you help the cell to maintain homeostasis.
3. Describe your interactions with the other cell
organelles.
4. Include what type of relationships you would have with
the other organelles. How would you be closest to in the
cell? Who would not get along with?
5. Be as creative and colorful as possible.
6. You may include a diagram.
On your index card, write a brief summary of your
script.
SO THAT YOU CAN REMEMBER WHAT TO SAY!
Time to practice
 All organelle groups will get together and plan their
role within the cell.
 You will have 5 minutes until show time.
 Make sure everyone is on the same page.
 You are the same organelle and should be doing the
same thing!!!!!
You will be videotaped…..
 When I say show time, the club scene will begin.
 Pretend we are shooting a music video.
 When I say action act out your part….
Reflections, thoughts
 Jot down what you learned from today’s activity.