Geography
~ a descriptive science dealing
with the surface of the earth,
its division into continents and
countries, and climate~
Cardinal Directions
 North
 South
 East
 West
Projections
~various plans to represent the earth~
 Mercator
Projection
 Robinson Projection
 Goode’s Interrupted Projection
(Equal Area)
 Polar Projection
Mercator
Robinson
Goode’s Interrupted
Polar
Hemispheres
 Northern
 Southern
 Eastern
 Western
The Hemispheres
Longitude
& Latitude

Longitude lines = Vertical lines & Meridians
~measures East and West (degrees)
~runs North and South
~longitude starts at 0 degrees, known as
the Prime Meridian.

Latitude lines = Horizontal & parallel lines
~measures North and South (degrees)
~runs East and West
~latitude starts at 0 degrees, known as the Equator
How Latitude and Longitude Form
the Global Grid
Types of Maps

Cartography:
– Maps are produced by cartographers. Cartography
refers both the study of maps and the process of
map-making.

Political
– Boundaries
– Cities & Capitals
– Oceans

Physical (Topography)
– Deserts
– Mountains
– Lakes
– Swamps/marsh land
– Forests
http://geography.about.com
Absolute Location
 Definition:
– A point on the earth's surface expressed
by a coordinate system such as latitude
and longitude.
 Example:
– I need to find that treasure using
absolute location, not by some silly
written description on the back of this old
map!
http://geography.about.com
Relative Location
 Definition:
– A location of a place in relation to another
place (i.e. south or downhill).
 Example:
– The relative location of Kansas City,
Missouri is just east of Kansas City,
Kansas.
http://geography.about.com