Pre-AP Biology
Cell Structure and Cellular Transport Unit Test
Chapters 4 & part of 5
Study Guide




















Describe the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the structural
differences between the two types of cells.
Describe the structural differences between plant and animal cells.
Know what type of molecules the plasma membrane is permeable to.
What are long fibers of DNA and protein called?
Be able to describe and identify the functions of the cell organelles.
Be able to list the order of structures a protein passes through the cell from its formation to its
export out of the cell.
Know what the term “selectively permeable” means with regard to the cell/plasma membrane.
Know the difference between passive and active transport.
Know what ATP is and which type of transport requires ATP.
Know what diffusion is; regarding how molecules move and the energy requirement.
Define osmosis, and identify the membrane proteins that allow for the molecules transported to
move across the membrane.
Know what the terms hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic, and equilibrium mean.
Be able to identify the tonicity of a solution (hypertonic, hypotonic, etc)
If given a scenario, know how to predict the movement of molecules in response to the
concentration gradient. (For example, will the water/glucose move in/out of the bag/cell/egg?)
Be able to describe what would happen to a plant cell and/or an animal cell placed in each of
the following solutions: hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic.
Know what the terms lyse, turgid, flaccid mean.
Know what facilitated diffusion is and if it requires energy. How is facilitated diffusion different
from regular diffusion?
Know what active transport is. Does active transport require energy? What circumstances
would require the use of active transport?
Know what exocytosis and endocytosis is.
Know what types of materials enter the cell through each of the types of endocytosis
(phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated)