Lecture Review Notes
Unit test 2
Chapter 3
Name:
1. Identify the following as an amino acid, simple sugar (monosaccharide), fatty acid, or nucleotide.
Text
A
B
C
D
E
2. Circle ALL functional groups present on each molecule and indicate its functional group.
3. Explain how the composition of C, H, O, N, P differ in these molecules and how you can use this
information in identifying biomolecules.
4. Draw 2 glucose molecules in ring structure using your textbook and show a dehydration reaction and
form a disaccharide.
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5. Identify each following as a protein/polypeptide, lipid (phospholipids, steroid, triglyceride),
carbohydrate (polysaccharide), or nucleic acid. Give a function of each in the cell and identify
glycosidic, peptide, ester, and phosphodiester bonds on the appropriate molecules.
Image credits- Lumen learning and OpenStax Biology 2e
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6. If there are 12 monomers, how many water molecules will be removed to make a polymer, and how
many new covalent bonds will be created.
7.
8. Summary of four Biomolecules
Name of the
Name of the
Minimum of three Examples for each category and include
Biomolecule
monomer
their functions in cell
(if applies)
1. Starch: A stored form of energy in plants
Carbohydrates
Simple Sugars
2.
3.
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
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Name of the
organelle/structure
Prokaryote
(+/-)
Chapter 4
Animal
(+/-)
Plant
(+/-)
Functions
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Cell wall
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Lysosome
Central vacuole
Golgi apparatus
Flagellum
Centrosome
Cytoskeleton
1. What similarities and differences do you see between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?
2. What similarities and differences do you see between a plant and an animal cell?
3. Which structures are part of the endomembrane system in a eukaryotic cell?
Using the information you gathered on the table, draw the following and label the structures.
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4. Plant cell
5. Animal cell
6. Bacterial cell
7. Based on the knowledge you gained from the different cell structures, explain what structures you might
see in a virus and why you would classify that as non-living?
8. How do plant and animal cells interact with neighboring cells?
9. What is an endosymbiotic theory? What evidence do you see in the organelles like mitochondria and
chloroplast supporting this theory?
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Chapter 5
Image credit: Openstax
1. Identify the following on the above image and write the role that each play on the plasma membrane
A. Phospholipid bilayerB. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic partsC. PeripheralD. Transmembrane proteinsE. GlycoproteinsF. Glycolipids2. Differentiate active and passive transport ( include energy and concentration gradient)- Examples
3. Differentiate diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis
4. What is the effect of hypo, hyper and isotonic solutions in animal and plant cells? Draw a cell in each
scenario and show the net direction of water flow in each scenario
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Plants:
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Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Animals:
Identify- plasmolysis, hemolysis, turgor pressure, and flaccid in the above images of animal and plant cells.
5. How do primary and secondary active transports work? Give an example for each category.
6. Bulk transport- Differentiate Exocytosis and endocytosis.
7. What are the three types of endocytosis? Explain each type in your own words
Create a concept map on the different transport types discussed above.
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