Multinational Financial
Management
Alan Shapiro
7th Edition
J.Wiley & Sons
Power Points by
Joseph F. Greco, Ph.D.
California State University, Fullerton
1
CHAPTER 17
CAPITAL BUDGETING
FOR THE
MULTINATIONAL
CORPORATION
2
CHAPTER OVERVIEW:
I. BASIS OF CAPITAL BUDGETING
II. ISSUES IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS
III. POLITICAL RISK ANALYSIS
IV. GROWTH OPTIONS AND PROJECT
EVALUATION
3
I.BASICS OF CAPITAL
BUDGETING
I. BASICS OF CAPITAL BUDGETING
A. Basic Criterion: Net Present Value
B. Net Present Value Technique:
1. Definition
The present value of future cash
flows, discounted at the project’s
cost of capital less the initial net
cash outlay.
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BASICS OF CAPITAL BUDGETING
2. NPV Formula:
n
Xt
NPV   I 0  
t
(
1

k
)
t 1
where
I0 = initial cash outlay
xt= net cash flow at t
k = cost of capital
n = investment horizon
5
BASICS OF CAPITAL BUDGETING
3.
4.
Most important property of NPV
technique:
-focus on cash flows with
respect to shareholder
wealth
NPV obeys value additive
principle:
- the NPV of a set of projects
is the sum of the individual
project NPV
6
BASICS OF CAPITAL BUDGETING
C. International Cash Flows
1.
Important principle when
estimating: Incremental basis
2.
Distinguish total from incremental
flows to account for
a.
cannibalization
b.
sales creation
c.
opportunity cost
d.
transfer pricing
e.
fees and royalties
7
BASICS OF CAPITAL BUDGETING
3. Getting the base case correct
Rule of thumb:
Incremental
Global
cash flows
= corporate
cash flow
with project
Global
flow
without
project
8
BASICS OF CAPITAL BUDGETING
4. Intangible Benefits
a. Valuable learning experience
b. Broader knowledge base
9
II. ISSUES IN FOREIGN
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
II. TWO ISSUES IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS
A. Issue #1 Parent v. Project Cash Flow
-the cash flows from the project may
differ from those remitted to the parent
1. Relevant cash flows become quite
important
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ISSUES IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS
2.
Three Stage Approach
-to simplify project evaluation
a. compute subsidiary’s project
cash flows
b. evaluate the project to the
parent
c. incorporate the indirect effects
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ISSUES IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS
3. Estimating Incremental Project Flows
What is the true profitability of the
project?
a. Adjust for tax effects of
1.) transfer pricing
2.) fees and royalties
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ISSUES IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS
4.
Tax Factors:
determine the amount and timing
of taxes paid on foreign-source
income.
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ISSUES IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS
B.
Issue #2 How to adjust for increased
economic and political risk of project? 1.
Three Methods of Economic
and Political Risk Adjustments:
a.
Shortening minimum payback
period
b.
Raising required rate of return
c.
Adjusting cash flows
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ISSUES IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT
ANALYSIS
2. Accounting for Exchange Rate and
Price Changes (inflationary)
Two stage procedure:
a. Convert nominal foreign cash
flows into home currency terms
b. Discount home currency flows
at domestic required rate of return.
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III. POLITICAL RISK ANALYSIS
I. POLITICAL RISK ANALYSIS
A. Political risks
can be incorporated into an NPV
analysis by
- adjusting expected project cash
flows to reflect the risks.
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POLITICAL RISK ANALYSIS
B.
EXPROPRIATION
- the extreme form of political risk
C.
BLOCKED FUNDS
17
IV. GROWTH OPTIONS AND
PROJECT EVALUATION
IV.
GROWTH OPTIONS AND PROJECT
EVALUATION
A. Options:
1.
an important component of
many investment decisions
2.
ignoring options will understate
the NPV of that investment
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GROWTH OPTIONS AND PROJECT
EVALUATION
B.
Project Evaluation
1.
Growth options require an
expanded NPV rule
2.
Investments in emerging markets
can be viewed as growth options
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