ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
NERVOUS SYSTEM TEST (I.) REVIEW
Text p. ___________
1. Identify the parts of a neuron and the function of each.
2. Recognize the direction, type, and location of both types of nerve communication.
Transmissions are electrical (action potential) or chemical (neurotransmitters).
NERVE CELLS (Neurons)
cell body
axon
axon terminal
dendrite
nucleus
Schwann cell
myelin sheath
3. Match the role of the following support cells and their functions. (See the cell chart activity.
*NOTE – recognizing pictures is not required.).
SUPPORT CELLS (CNS)
Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
----------------------------Schwann cell (PNS)
 Nodes of Ranvier
 Myellin sheath
Satellite cell (PNS)
4. List the three functions of the nervous system.




RELATED VOCABULARY
Sensory input
Stimuli
Integration
Motor output
Structural and functional classification of the nervous sytem.
Organization of the Nervous System
5. Fill in the following chart.
WORD BANK
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Autonomic (involunatary)
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
Cardiac, smooth muscle and glands
Somatic (voluntary)
Skeletal muscles
Sense organs
Brain and spinal cord
afferent
Motor
efferent
Related terms:
sensory neuron
effector
motor neuron
interneuron
6. Compare and contrast neuroglia and neurons. Relate these to brain tumors.
7. Label the parts of the synapse - location of chemical transmission (release of
neurotransmitter)
vesicles
synaptic cleft
presynaptic membrane
postsynaptic membrane
(*note direction of impulse)
8. What is multiple sclerosis?
9. Neuron physiology – how a neuron works
Related terms
irritability
conductivity
polarized
depolarized
10. Relate the basic sequence of events during action potential.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
*You are not required to know the reflex arc for this test or embryonic development.
Regions of the Brain – Refer to the flow chart activity.
11. Know the location (anatomy) and basic function (physiology) of the following:
Cerebral hemispheres (Cerebrum)
Physical features: paired, massive, ridges and grooves, fissures
Lobes
 frontal
 parietal
 occipital
 temporal
Specialized areas of the Cerebral Cortex:
Broca’s area
Primary motor area
Sensory area
Specialized areas of the Cerebrum:
Gustatory (taste)
Olfactory
Visual
Auditory
Speech and Language
Layers – gray matter and white matter
Functions –
Diencephalon
Determine the location (See flow chart activity from class.)
3 PARTS:
Thalamus –
Epithalamus –
 pineal gland  choroid plexus (cerebral spinal fluid)
Hypothalamus
 pituitary gland
 Functions -
Brain stem

pons
function:

midbrain
function:

obdulla oblongata
function:
Cerebellum
Location –
Function –
12. How is the brain protected?
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Related terms:
meninges
dura mater (other layers not required)
cerebrospinal fluid
ventricles
blood-brain barrier