Section 7: Common Disorders in Adults
Seasonal Affective Disorder
• Depression that
occurs at the same
time every year
• Can cause
– Substance abuse
– Suicidal thoughts /
behavior
– School / work
problems
– Social withdrawal
Symptoms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Depression
Anxiety
Loss of energy
Oversleeping
Appetite changes
Weight gain
Loss of interest
Why?
• Biological clock
• Living further from
equator
• Family history
• History of depression
/ bipolar disorder
Treatment
•
•
•
•
Light Therapy
Antidepressants
Psychotherapy
Home remedies
– Exercise
– Brighten rooms
– Get outdoors
Postpartum Depression
• Most mothers get baby blues for a brief time
– Trouble sleeping
– Mood swings
• Postpartum depression is more intense and
longer lasting
• Men just as likely to develop
Symptoms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Loss of appetite
Insomnia
Intense irritability and anger
Feelings of shame / guilt
Severe mood swings
Difficulty bonding with baby
Fatigue
Thoughts of harming self / baby
Why?
• Physical changes
• Emotional factors
• Lifestyle influences
Treatment
• Antidepressants
• Home remedies
– Realistic expectations
– Make time for self
– Avoid isolation
– Healthy lifestyle
Section 8: Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
• Most serious mental disorder
• Hallucinations (usually auditory),
delusions, thought disorders
• Social withdrawal, loss of social
skills, loss of normal emotional
responsiveness
• Distortion/disturbance of
cognition, emotions, perception,
and motor functions
Example of delusional thoughts
• “This morning when I was at Hillside
(Hospital), I was making a movie. I was
surrounded by movie stars…I’m Mary Poppins.
Is this room painted blue to make me upset?
My grandmother died four weeks after my
eighteenth birthday.”
Slide # 12
Early Warning Signs
• Mother’s long-lasting schizophrenia
• Birth complications, oxygen deprivation, low
birth weight
• Short attention span & poor muscle
coordination
• Disruptive and withdrawn behavior
• Emotional unpredictability
• Poor peer relations and solo play
Slide # 13
Some more on Schizophrenia
• Loss of contact with
reality
• Lives life in an unreal
dream world
• No single cause or
cure
• Collection of
symptoms
Slide # 14
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
•
•
•
•
Delusions/paranoia
Hallucinations
Language changes
Positive / negative
symptoms
• Movement changes
• Diverted attention
Slide # 15
Types of Schizophrenia
• Paranoid
• Catatonic
• Disorganized /
Undifferentiated
• Residual
http://imgur.com/a/15A60
Paranoid Schizophrenia
• Complex delusions
• Perceived persecution
• Hallucinations of
smell, taste, other
bodily sensations
• Unseen voices that
give them commands
• Belief that they have a
special mission
Slide # 17
Paranoid Schizophrenia
• Delusions or frequent
auditory hallucinations;
all relating to a single
theme
• Have less disordered
thoughts & bizarre
behavior than other types
• Agitated, confused, afraid
Catatonic Schizophrenia
• Catatonic state: mute,
immobile, mostly
unresponsive
• “Waxy flexibility”
• Unusual postures held
for long periods of
time
Slide # 19
Disorganized / Undifferentiated
Schizophrenia
• Incoherent language
• Inappropriate
emotions
• Disorganized motor
behavior
• Hallucinations and
delusions
Slide # 20
Residual Schizophrenia
• Withdrawal
• After hallucinations
and delusions have
disappeared
• Coming out of
schizophrenia
Slide # 21
Causes of Schizophrenia
• Brain Abnormalities
– Frontal Lobe / cortex / thalamus
• Biochemistry
– Dopamine
• Environment
– Pregnancy complications
– Family life stress
Slide # 22