Bellringer 9/15
First, decide whether to use ser or estar. Then put the correct form
in the blank. Write out sentences.
1. Nosotras _______ muy ocupadas.
2. ¿De dónde _______ Ud.?
3. Yo _______ un estudiante inteligente.
4. Mis abuelos _______ en Acapulco.
5. Su hermana _______ muy bonita.
6. Su madre _______ enferma.
7. Las flores _______ de papel.
8. Ella _______ en el hospital.
9. ¿Cómo _______ tu familia hoy?
10.Nosotros _______ de Bogotá.
Noun/Adjective Agreement
-Adjective-word which describes noun or pronoun
-In Spanish, all adjectives must agree in number
and gender with the nouns they describe
-Gender-masculine or feminine
-Number-singular or plural
Masculine and Feminine
Nouns
-Masculine nouns usually end with the
letters L-O-N-E-R-S.
-Feminine nouns usually end in the
letters D-ion-Z-A.
Making nouns and
adjectives plural:
-Add “s” to words ending with vowels
-Add “es” to words ending with
consonants
Examples of Masculine
and Feminine Nouns
Masculine
Feminine
L-el papel
D-la ciudad
O-el amigo
ion-la televisión
N-el jardín
Z-la actriz
E-el cine
A-la amiga
R-el borrador
S-el martes
Are these nouns
masculine or feminine?
1.Lección
2.Tinta
3.Universidad
4.Edificio
5.Dedo
How to use Adjectives
-Unlike in English, in Spanish, adjectives usually
follow the nouns they describe.
Un chico trabajador
Unos chicos trabajadores
Una chica trabajadora
Unas chicas trabajadoras
-To say what someone is not like, put “no” in
front of the verb.
How would you say…?
1.The short girl
2.A fat dog (perro)
3.The pretty shirt (camisa)
4.Some ugly pants (pantalones)
Exceptions:
-When a noun or adjective ends in “z,” the “z”
changes to a “c” before making it plural
-The following are common exceptions to
gender rules:
-el agua
-la mano
-el problema (and other words ending in
“ma”)
For the quiz...
-know the Spanish subject pronouns chart,
what they mean, and when to use which
subject pronoun
-know ser and estar conjugations and how
they match up with the subject pronouns chart
-know the differences between ser and estar
-know starred adjectives
-know how to make adjectives agree with the
noun
10
10
Let’s first see the VERB CHART
with the English pronouns:
st
(1
person)
( 2nd person)
(Singular)
I
(Plural)
We
You (informal)
You all (Spain)
( 2nd person) You (formal)
( 3rd person) He, She, it
You all
They
Spanish Subject Pronouns
(Singular)
st
(1
person)
(Plural)
yo
nosotros(as)
(2nd person)
tú (informal)
vosotros(as) (Spain)
(2nd person)
usted (formal)
ustedes
( 3rd person)
él / ella
ellos / ellas
Ser-to be
(yo) soy-I am
(nosotros/as) somos-we are
(tú) eres-you are
(vosotros/as) sois-you all are
(Ud.) es-you are
(Uds.) son-you all are
(él/ella) es-he/she/it is (ellos/ellas) son-they are
Estar-to be
(yo) estoy-I am
(nosotros/as) estamos-we are
(tú) estás-you are
(vosotros/as) estáis-you all are
(Ud.) está-you are
(él/ella) está-he/she/it is
(Uds.) están-you all are
(ellos/ellas) están-they are
Note the accent marks on the bottom 4 lines!!!
activo/a*
atlético/a*
trabajador/a*
perezoso/a*
simpático/a*,
amable
antipático/a*
bueno/a*
malo/a*
alto/a*
bajo/a*
moreno/a*
rubio/a*
pelirrojo/a*
extrovertido/a*,
conversador/a,
hablador/a
tímido/a*
inteligente*
tonto/a*
cómico/a*,
gracioso/a*
bonito/a*,
hermoso/a
guapo/a*
flaco/a,
delgado/a*
gordo/a*
Estar Vocabulary
contento/a*,
feliz, alegre
triste*
cansado/a*
enfermo/a*
enojado/a*
nervioso/a*
ocupado/a*
loco/a