¡A DESCRIBIR!
Español 1
Vocabulario y Gramática
Subject Pronouns
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What is a subject pronoun?
What are the subject pronouns in English?
What are the subject pronouns in Spanish?
Subject Pronouns
The subject of a sentence tells who
is doing the action.
 Often a person’s name is the
subject:
 Gregorio .
 Ana canta y baila.

Subject Pronouns
You also use subject pronouns (I,
you, he, she, we, they) to tell who is
doing an action.
 The subject pronouns replace
people’s names.
 Here are all the subject pronouns.

Subject Pronouns (Singular)
Yo
 Tú
 Usted (Ud.)
 Él
 Ella

I
 You (informal)
 You (formal)
 He
 She

Subject Pronouns (Plural)
Nosotros
 Nosotras
 Vosotros
 Vosotras
 Ustedes (Uds.)
 Ellos
 Ellas

We (males)
 We (females)
 You All (informal)
 You All (informal)
 You All (formal)
 They (males)
 They (females)

Subject Pronouns
Tú, usted, ustedes, and vosotros(as)
all mean “you.”
 Use tú with family, friends, people
your age or younger, and anyone
you call by his or her first name.

Subject Pronouns

Use usted with adults you address
with a title, such as señor, señora,
profesor(a), etc. Usted is usually
written as Ud.
Subject Pronouns

In Latin America, use ustedes when
speaking to two or more people,
regardless of age. Ustedes is
usually written as Uds.
Subject Pronouns
In Spain, use vosotros(as) when
speaking to two or more people
you call tú individually:
 Tú + tú = vosotros(as)
 Use ustedes when talking to two or
more people you call usted
individually.

Subject Pronouns

If a group is made up of males
only or of both males and females
together, use the masculine forms:
nosotros, vosotros, ellos.
Subject Pronouns

You can combine a subject
pronoun and a name to form a
subject.
Subject Pronouns
Alejandro y yo = nosotros
 Carlos y ella = ellos
 Pepe y tú = ustedes
 Lola y ella = ellas

P r a c t i c a m o s…
Translate:
1.
tú
2.
usted
3.
nosotras
4.
vosotros/ ustedes
5.
yo
6.
él
7.
ella
8.
ellas
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4.
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6.
7.
8.
you (familiar)
you (formal)
we (all girls)
all of you (2 ways)
I
he
she
They (girls)
Subjects and Verbs
In English, we sometimes change the form of the verb
according to the subject.
For example:
I read, but he __________.
I am but you _____, and she __________.
This is called conjugating the verb.
We also conjugate verbs in Spanish.
El Verbo Ser = to be
English:
I am
you are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You all are
They are
Spanish:
Yo soy
Tú eres
Usted es
Él es
Ella es
Nosotros somos
Vosotros sois
Ellos son
Practicamos
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6.
I am from Caracas.
She is from Caracas.
Mario is from Lima.
Mario and I are from
Lima.
You (formal) are not
from Lima.
You (familiar) are not
from Lima.
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6.
Yo soy de Caracas.
Ella es de Caracas.
Mario es de Lima.
Mario y yo somos de
Lima.
Usted no es de Lima.
Tú no eres de Lima.
Vocabulario Nuevo:
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3.
What are some words that name people in
Spanish?
How many words for the are there in Spanish?
Why does the word for the change from one
subject to another?
Vocabulario Nuevo: Nombres/nouns


Before we learn nouns, we need to know something
about the word the in Spanish.
There are 4 words for the in Spanish:
el
la
los
las
the…4 ways:
When using nouns that name people, the word for “The”
depends on the gender of the person.
Use el if the person is masculine, singular.
El señor
El chico
El papá
the…4 ways:
When using nouns that name people, the word for “The”
depends on the gender of the person.
Use la if the person is femenine, singular.
La señora
La chica
La profe
the…4 ways:
When using nouns that name people, the word for “The”
depends on the gender of the person.
Use los if the people are masculine, plural.
Los señores
Los chicos
Los muchachos
the…4 ways:
When using nouns that name people, the word for “The”
depends on the gender of the person.
Use las if the people are feminine and plural.
Las señoras
Las chicas
Las profesoras
¡Practicamos!
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____ chicas
____ mamá
____ chicos
____profesoras
____ señor
____ señora
____ chico
____ chica
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Las
La
Los
Las
El
La
El
La
Nouns that name people
Notice that the words for people in
Spanish also depend on
masculine/feminine/singular/plural
amigo
amigos
amiga
amigas
Vocabulario Nuevo:
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10.
el amigo/la amiga
el chico/la chica
el muchacho/
la muchacha
la familia
el hombre
la mujer
la señora
el señor
la señorita
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9.
the friend
the boy/the girl
the guy/girl
the family
the man
the woman
the lady
the gentleman
the young woman
Nouns that name Places
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2.
3.
la comunidad
el mundo
el país
Other places you know:
4.
La clase
5.
la casa
6.
El apartamento
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6.
the community
the world
the country
the class
the house
the apartment
Profesiones:
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5.
Occupations
el doctor/la doctora
el/la estudiante
el maestro/la
maestra
el/la policía
el director/la
directora*
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2.
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5.
the doctor
the student
the teacher
the police officer
the principal
Más profesiones
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el/la jefe*
el/la presidente
el profesor/la
profesora*
el secretario/ la
secretaria
el/ la atleta*
el camarero/la
camarera*
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7.
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11.
the boss
the president
the teacher
the secretary
the athlete
the waiter/ waitress
Professions with SER
To tell someone’s profession, we use the verb “ser”
•
•
•
•
Yo soy profesora.
Ella es doctora.
María y Ana son maestras.
Antonio y yo somos camareros.
¡Practicamos!
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6.
Ella es doctora.
Él es doctor.
Nosotras somos
doctoras.
Yo no soy doctor.
¿Eres tú doctora?
Mi mamá es doctora.
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She is a doctor.
He is a doctor.
We are doctors.
I am not a doctor.
Are you a doctor?
My mom is a doctor.
Los Adjectivos
1.
2.
3.
What are adjectives?
How are adjectives different in English vs. Spanish?
How does an adjective change for plural nouns?
Adjectives
Words that describe people and things
are called adjectives (adjetivos).
 In Spanish, most adjectives have both
masculine and feminine forms.
 The masculine form usually ends in the
letter -o and the feminine form usually
ends in the letter -a.

Adjectives
Masculine adjectives are used to
describe masculine nouns.
 Marcos es ordenado y simpatico.
 Marcos is organized and nice.

Adjectives
Feminine adjectives are used to
describe feminine nouns.
 Marta es ordenada y simpática.
 Marta is organized and nice.
 **Notice that the adjective is
placed after the noun in Spanish.

Adjectives
Adjectives that end in -e describe
both masculine and feminine
nouns.
 Take a look

Adjectives
Anita es inteligente.
 Anita is smart.
 Pedro es inteligente también.
 Pedro is also smart.

Adjectives
Masculine
Feminine
ordenado
trabajador
paciente
deportista
ordenada
traqbajadora
paciente
deportista
Adjectives
When an adjective ends in -or, an
-a is added to describe a
feminine noun.
 Juan es trabajador.
 Luz es trabajadora

Adjectives
Some adjectives that end in -a,
such as deportista, describe both
masculine and feminine nouns.
 You will need to learn which
adjectives follow this pattern.

Adjectives
Tomás es deportista.
 Tomás is sports-minded.
 Marta es deportista también.
 Marta is also sports-minded.

¿Cómo eres tú?
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alto/a
bajo/a
bello/a*
bonito/a
débil
delgado/a
feo/a
fuerte
gordo/a
grande
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tall
short
beautiful
pretty
weak
thin
ugly
strong
fat
big
¿Cómo es él? ¿Cómo es ella?
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guapo/a
hermoso/a*
joven
mediano/a
moreno/a
nuevo/a
pelirrojo/a
pequeño/a
rubio/a
viejo/a
aburrido/a
agradable
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handsome
beautiful
young
medium
dark-featured
new
red-haired
small
blond
old
boring
friendly/agreeable
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10.
antipático/a
aplicado/a*
bueno/a
cómico/a
desagradable
distraído/a*
divertido/a
estudioso/a*
estúpido/a
impaciente
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mean, unfriendly
hard-working
good
funny
disagreeable
distractable
fun
studious
stupid
impaciente
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inteligente
interesante
listo/a
malo/a
paciente
perezoso/a
sabio/a*
serio/a
simpático/a
tonto/a
trabajador/a
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2.
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4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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11.
intelligent
interesting
clever
bad
patient
lazy
knowledgeable
serious
nice
foolish, silly
hard-working
¡A DESCRIBIR!
LOS OJOS Y EL PELO CON
TENER
Español 1
Vocabulario y Gramática
el verbo ser
To describe a person’s physical appearance in
Spanish, we usually use the verb ser.
Examples:
Yo soy alta.
Él es rubio.
Ella es inteligente y bonita.
El Verbo Tener
Some descriptions require the verb
tener instead of ser.
Tener means to have. We use tener to
describe:
hair (I have long hair.)
eyes (I have blue eyes.)
The Verb TENER
Here is the verb “To Have” in
English.

TO HAVE
I
have
You
have
He
She
It
has
We
have
They
have
TENER
Yo
tengo
Nosotros
tenemos
Tú
tienes
Vosotros
tenéis
tiene
Uds.
Ellos
Ellas
Ud.
Él
Ella
tienen
We use tener to describe our eyes
Tengo los ojos…
 azules
 negros
 avellanos
 verdes
 cafés
 marrones/pardos

I have_____ eyes…
 blue
 black
 hazel
 green
 brown
 brown
We also use tener to describe our
hair…
Tengo el pelo…








largo
corto
mediano
rubio
pelirrojo
negro
castaño
gris









I have _____ hair…
long
short
medium
blond
red
black
brown
grey
Practicamos
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2.
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4.
5.
I have blond hair.
She has blond hair.
Eduardo has black
hair.
You have long hair.
María has long,
blond hair.





Yo tengo el pelo rubio.
Ella tiene el pelo
rubio.
Eduardo tiene el pelo
negro.
Tú tienes el pelo largo.
María tiene el pelo
largo y rubio.
¡Bravo!