Name: ____________________________________
Date: _________________________
History: Chapter 8  Greek gods and goddesses
Period: ________________________
Zeus
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King of all the gods
Had more powers than anyone
Could throw his voice, shape
shift, and throw lightning bolts
He had a quick temper, a big
sense of humor, and he was not
afraid of anything except his
wife, Hera
Ares
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Hera
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Queen of all the gods, also the
goddess of marriage
She was also jealous of her
husband, Zeus
There are many myths about
Hera’s jealously, anger, and
revenge
Had a servant with 100 eyes
named Argus
Hermes
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Poseidon
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Lord of the sea
He was very powerful and
moody, so the other gods were
afraid of him
Greeks built temples to honor
him
Had a palace at the bottom of
the sea
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Ruler of the underworld
Had a home on Mount Olympus,
but preferred the underworld
He had an invisible helmet, a
golden chariot, and his threeheaded dog, Cerberus
Zeus’ youngest son, made the
messenger to the gods
He was mischievous, fast on
his feet, and very clever
He always made deals to get
himself and others out of
trouble
Apollo
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Hades
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God of war
He was tall and handsome,
mean and self-centered
He sidekick was the spirit of
disagreement, Eris
They often carried the spirits of
Pain, Panic, Famine, and
Oblivion
Sought bloodshed and trouble
God of music
Apollo and his sister
Artemis were twins.
Children of Zeus and Leto
Apollo was very protective of
his mother
Known in many famous myths,
including the Oracle at Delphi
Artemis
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Goddess of the hunt and the
moon
Usually cold and pitiless
She swore never to marry and
resented people who intruded
on her privacy, especially men
Athena
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Goddess of wisdom
She became the guardian of
the city-state of Athens after
she won a contest with
Poseidon
Poseidon created a stream of
salt-water, but she created the
olive tree and won the contest
Hephaestus
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Hestia
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Goddess of hearth and home
Deeply honored by Greek
women
They knew that Hestia was
keeping watch over them as
they did their chores
Heracles
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Demeter
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Zeus’ sister who was in
charge of the harvest
If she was upset, the crops
would die
Everyone worked to keep her
happy (the company of her
daughter Persephone made
her happy)
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Goddess of love and beauty
No one knows where to place
her in the Greek family tree
Many legends are written
about her beauty, and she
was very vain
Some believe that the Trojan
War began because she was
offended
Known for his incredible
strength
Half god/ half mortal
Completed many tasks and had
several journeys attempting to
gain his place amongst the
gods
Eros
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Aphrodite
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God of fire and forge
He was the only Olympian who
limped
He was married to Aphrodite
He made many things,
including Mount Olympus and
the first woman, Pandora
God of love
Shot his arrows into mortals
and deities to make them fall in
love
Was not happy until he found
love for himself
Dionysus
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God of grape harvest,
winemaking, and wine
He was very good at shape
shifting
After he was kidnapped by
pirates and escaped, he
married Princess Ariadne
Name: ____________________________________
Date: _________________________
History: Chapter 8  Greek gods and goddesses
Period: ________________________
Orpheus
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Talented musician
He played the lyre which
allowed him to cast spells and
tame savage beasts
Lost his wife to Hades
Pandora
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Echo
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Wood nymph who had a
beautiful voice and possessed
a good and loving heart
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She swore off all suitors
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3 myths:
1. Echo and Hera
2. Echo and Narcissus
3. Echo and Pan
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Pegasus
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Pan
Watched over shepherds and
huntsmen
He had two horns coming out of
his forehead and the legs of a
goat. He also had a crooked
nose and pointed ears.
Loved music, dancing, and
singing
Daughter of Zeus
Sent to marry Epimetheus, a
gentle but lonely man
Opened the Pandora Box,
which held things like envy,
hate, crime, disease, and hope
Known as “The Flying Horse
Son of Poseidon and Medusa
He was wonderful and warm
Many tried to kidnap him, but
the gods always helped him out
Zeus rode him in the stars