Classification
EVOLUTION UNIT
Devil Cat
Ghost Cat
Mountain Lion
Screaming Cat
Puma
Florida Panther
Cougar
 There are at least 50 common
names for the animal shown on
the previous 7 slides.
 Common names vary according
to region.
•Soooo……why use a scientific name?
Carolus Linnaeus
Swedish
botanist that developed a
two-word naming system (binomial
nomenclature) and a classification
system which includes seven
Hierarchical taxa.
Linnaeus Seven Hierarchical Taxa:
 The major classification
levels, from most general
to most specific. (several
of these have subdivisions)
 A group at any level is a taxon.
Example: Grizzly Bear
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Order Carnivora
Family Ursidae
Genus Ursus
Species Ursus arctos
Cladogram
Diagrams
that shows the evolutionary
relationships between living organism.
Domains and Kingdoms
Organisms
are placed into domains and
kingdoms based on:
 their cell type
 their ability to make food
number of cells that make up the
organism.
The Three Domains
Domain
–
–
Archaea
Includes newly discovered cell types
Contains 1 kingdom – the Archaebacteria
Domain Bacteria
– Includes other members of old kingdom Monera
– Has 1 kingdom – the Eubacteria
 Domain
Eukarya
- Includes all kingdoms composed of organisms made up of
eukaryotic cells
– Protista
– Fungi
– Animalia
– Plantae
Domain: Bacteria
 Kingdom:
Eubacteria
 Cell Type: Prokaryote (lacks a nucleus)
 Cell Structure: Cell walls with Peptidoglycan
 # of Cells: Unicellular (organisms consists of a
single cell)
 Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph or Heterotroph
 Example: E. Coli
Domain: Archaea
 Kingdom:
Archaebacteria
 Cell Type: Prokaryote (lacks a nucleus)
 Cell Structure: Cell walls without Peptidoglycan
 # of Cells: Unicellular (organisms consists of a
single cell)
 Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph or Heterotroph
 Example: Halophiles
Domain: Eukarya
 Kingdom:
Protista
 Cell Type: Eukaryote (Cells with a nucleus)
 Cell Structure: Some cell walls with cellulose; some
chloroplasts
 # of Cells: Most unicellular; Some colonial; some
multicellular.
 Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph or
Heterotroph
 Example: Amoeba, Slime Molds
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom:
Fungi
Cell Type: Eukaryote (Cells with a nucleus)
Cell Structure: Cell walls of Chitin
# of Cells: Most multicellular; some unicellular
Mode of Nutrition: Heterotroph
Example: Mushrooms, yeast
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom:
Plantae
Cell Type: Eukaryote (Cells with a nucleus)
Cell Structure: Cell walls of cellulose;
chloroplasts
# of Cells: Most multicellular; some green algae
unicellular
Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph
Example: mosses, ferns
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom:
Animalia
Cell Type: Eukaryote (Cells with a nucleus)
Cell Structure: No cell walls or chloroplasts
# of Cells: Multicellular
Mode of Nutrition: Heterotroph
Example: Sponges, worms,
insects, fish, mammals